Christopher Ocker. Luther, Conflict, and Christendom: Reformation Europe and Christianity in the West.

Religious Diversity in Europe

“…Overall the authority of secular powers over the different religions was reinforced: Protestant Churches became state or 'national' Churches in Protestant countries, while the monarch's authority over the Church in Catholic states also increased. However, secular authorities also supported concerted efforts by the different confessions (Churches) to impose orthodoxy (Ocker 2018;Nexon 2009;Gorski 2000). These campaigns achieved mixed results however: all authority was somewhat tainted and people had learned to think for themselves, particularly in Protestant areas (Marshall 2018).…”