Choroidal thinning: Alzheimer's disease and aging

Cunha, João Paulo; Proença, Rita Pinto; Dias‐Santos, Arnaldo; Melância, Diana; Almeida, Rui Jorge; Águas, Helena; Santos, Bruno Oliveira; Alves, Marta; Ferreira, Joana; Papoila, Ana Luísa; Louro, Carlota; Castanheira–Dinis, A.

doi:10.1016/j.dadm.2017.03.004

Cited by 46 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…All these parameters presented a correlation with the disease stage (148). In the same way, a thinning of the choroid, measured by OCT, was also found (125,148,(151)(152)(153) (Table 1).…”

Section: Changes In the Early Ad And Their Prognostic Value In The Desupporting

confidence: 72%

Ocular Exploration in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of the Alzheimer’s Dementia

Salobrar‐García

Hoz

Ramírez

et al. 2019

Alzheimer’s Disease

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The retina is part of the central nervous system (CNS), and therefore, in Alzheimer' s disease (AD), retinal and optic nerve degeneration could take place. This degeneration leads to neurofunctional changes that can be detected early and followed up throughout the evolution of the disease. As opposed to other CNS structures, the eye is easily accessible for in vivo observation. Retinal organization allows for the identification of its different neurons, and in consequence, detection of minimal changes taking place during neurodegeneration is possible. Functional vision studies performed on AD patients in recent years have shown how visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, color vision, and visual integration vary with the progression of neurodegeneration. The development of optical coherence tomography in ophthalmology has meant a breakthrough in retinal exploratory techniques, allowing the obtention of high-resolution images using light. This technique enables retinal analysis in the earliest stages of AD, being considered as a biomarker of neuronal damage. Given AD' s high prevalence and its expected increase, it is important to

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“…All these parameters presented a correlation with the disease stage (148). In the same way, a thinning of the choroid, measured by OCT, was also found (125,148,(151)(152)(153) (Table 1).…”

Section: Changes In the Early Ad And Their Prognostic Value In The Desupporting

confidence: 72%

Ocular Exploration in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of the Alzheimer’s Dementia

Salobrar‐García

Hoz

Ramírez

et al. 2019

Alzheimer’s Disease

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“…Notably, however, these prior live‐patient studies have been variable in their results. Bulut et al [22] found the choroid to be thinner temporally than nasally in AD, whereas Cunha et al [19] found the choroid to be thinner nasally than temporally. In addition, choroidal thickness changes in AD as measured in vivo have not correlated with patient psychometric scores [20,22,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The retinal choroid as an oculovascular biomarker for Alzheimer's dementia: A histopathological study in severe disease

Asanad

Ross‐Cisneros

Barrón

et al. 2019

Alz & Dem Diag Ass & Dis Mo

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Introduction Previous in vivo optical coherence tomography studies have proposed the retinal choroid as a potential oculovascular biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the clinical use of the choroid as a purported surrogate marker remains poorly understood. We pursued a histopathological approach to assess choroidal thickness and vascular morphology in severe disease. Methods Human postmortem tissues from 8 patients with AD (mean age: 80.1 ± 12.7 years) and from 11 age‐matched controls (mean age: 78.4 ± 16.57 years) were analyzed. Thickness, area, and vascularity of the retinal choroid and its sublayers were measured from the nasal and temporal quadrants of the superior retina. Results Nasally, the choroid was thinner in the patients with AD than in the controls (22% thickness reduction; P < .001), but to our surprise, the choroid was thicker in the patients with AD than in the controls (~60% increase; P < .03) within the macula, temporally. The choroidal area was also significantly greater in the patients with AD than in the controls (~60% increase; P < .03). Choroidal thickening in AD was strongly correlated with the stromal vessel number (R2 = 0.96, P < .001). Discussion We found significant differences in the retinal choroid by layer and by region, nasally and temporally with respect to the optic nerve. Intriguingly, the choroid was markedly thicker in the central macular region and was strongly associated with vessel number in the stromal vascular layer. These quantified histological findings in severe disease expand our understanding of vascular pathology in AD and suggest vascularity as a potential biomarker supplementary to thickness when evaluating the retinal choroid in AD.

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“…Интерес к структурам хориоидеи обусловлен тем, что источником ее кровоснабжения, так же как и центральной артерии сетчатки, является внутренняя сонная артерия, питающая структуры головного мозга. Снижение толщины хориоидеи в макулярной зоне описано при болезни Альцгеймера [16,19] и Паркинсона [20], в то же время в перипапиллярной зоне при болезни Паркинсона отмечается утолщение хориоидеи [21]. Снижение толщины хориоидеи у пациентов с БГ во всех квадрантах макулярной зоны впервые описали С. Andrade и соавт.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Retinal and choroidal morphological changes in Huntington's disease

Светозарский

Kopishinskaia

Сметанкин

2019

Rossijskij oftalʹmologičeskij žurnal

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Purpose: to investigate the choroidal and retinal morphology in Huntington's disease (HD) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to analyze how the parameters studied correlate with the clinical data. Material and methods. The study included two groups of subjects, (1) 44 HD patients, averagely aged 37.6 ± 10.2 yrs, and (2) 31 healthy volunteers, averagely aged 37.3 ± 10.8 yrs. The groups had matching age, sex distribution, intraocular pressure and mean refractive error. In the study group, 21 patients had pre-manifest and 23, manifest HD stage. All patients underwent a thorough neurological and ophthalmic examination which included retinal OCT. The foveal choroidal thickness, retinal thickness in 9 areas of the macular zone, retinal ganglion cells complex (GCC) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) were evaluated in 4 quadrants. CAG repeat expansion size (cytosine-adenine-guanine) in the huntingtin gene, the disease duration and Unified HD Rating Scale motor scores (UHDRS) were evaluated for HD patients. Results. The range of the CAG repeat expansion size in the study group was 37–56 repeats (44.3 ± 3.8), the UHDRS motor score was 36.3 ± 29.7, disease duration was 13.7 ± 7.2 years. OCT revealed a significant decrease in the foveal choroidal thickness, GCC complex thickness, average, temporal, inferior and nasal RNFL thickness and total retinal thickness in the external temporal area in HD patients as compared to the controls. In addition, an inverse correlation between the disease duration, UHDRS Motor Score and a number of OCT parameters was found. Conclusion. The results confirm the promising potential of retinal tomographic parameters as a biomarker for early diagnosis and monitoring of the neurodegenerative process progression. The topography of retinal thickness reduction indicates a specific pattern of retinal neurodegeneration in HD.

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Choroidal thinning: Alzheimer's disease and aging

Cited by 46 publications

References 39 publications

Ocular Exploration in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of the Alzheimer’s Dementia

Ocular Exploration in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of the Alzheimer’s Dementia

The retinal choroid as an oculovascular biomarker for Alzheimer's dementia: A histopathological study in severe disease

Retinal and choroidal morphological changes in Huntington's disease

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