Choroidal structural analysis in ultra-high risk and first-episode psychosis

Demirlek, Cemal; Atas, Ferdane; Yalınçetin, Berna; Gurbuz, Merve S.; Cesim, Ezgi; Demir, Muhammed; Ozbek, Simge Uzman; Sut, Ekin; Baykara, Burak; Akdede, Berna Binnur; Kaya, Mahmut; Bora, Emre

doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.02.016

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Demirlek et al (2023) conducted an original study investigating choroidal structure, using OCT with enhanced depth imaging, in first-episode psychosis [ 55 ], which can be an early sign of neurodegenerative disease. They did not find statistically significant differences in central choroidal thickness, total choroidal area, luminal (dark) choroidal area, or stromal (bright) choroidal area between those with a single psychotic episode and normal controls.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oculomics: A Crusade Against the Four Horsemen of Chronic Disease

Patterson,

Bounds,

Wagner

et al. 2024

Ophthalmol Ther

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Chronic, non-communicable diseases present a major barrier to living a long and healthy life. In many cases, early diagnosis can facilitate prevention, monitoring, and treatment efforts, improving patient outcomes. There is therefore a critical need to make screening techniques as accessible, unintimidating, and cost-effective as possible. The association between ocular biomarkers and systemic health and disease (oculomics) presents an attractive opportunity for detection of systemic diseases, as ophthalmic techniques are often relatively low-cost, fast, and non-invasive. In this review, we highlight the key associations between structural biomarkers in the eye and the four globally leading causes of morbidity and mortality: cardiovascular disease, cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and metabolic disease. We observe that neurodegenerative disease is a particularly promising target for oculomics, with biomarkers detected in multiple ocular structures. Cardiovascular disease biomarkers are present in the choroid, retinal vasculature, and retinal nerve fiber layer, and metabolic disease biomarkers are present in the eyelid, tear fluid, lens, and retinal vasculature. In contrast, only the tear fluid emerged as a promising ocular target for the detection of cancer. The retina is a rich source of oculomics data, the analysis of which has been enhanced by artificial intelligence-based tools. Although not all biomarkers are disease-specific, limiting their current diagnostic utility, future oculomics research will likely benefit from combining data from various structures to improve specificity, as well as active design, development, and optimization of instruments that target specific disease signatures, thus facilitating differential diagnoses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oculomics: A Crusade Against the Four Horsemen of Chronic Disease

Patterson,

Bounds,

Wagner

et al. 2024

Ophthalmol Ther

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“… 21 Furthermore, choroidal thickness alterations in neurodegenerative and psychotic disorders have been investigated previously. 16 , 22 Changes in choroidal microvasculature have been shown in patients with first‐episode psychosis. 22 So far, no study has been performed on the evaluation of neurovascular structures in schizophrenia patients in Iran.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 16 , 22 Changes in choroidal microvasculature have been shown in patients with first‐episode psychosis. 22 So far, no study has been performed on the evaluation of neurovascular structures in schizophrenia patients in Iran.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Edyta et al in a study showed that retinal microvasculature assessment can be potentially useful in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia 21 . Furthermore, choroidal thickness alterations in neurodegenerative and psychotic disorders have been investigated previously 16,22 . Changes in choroidal microvasculature have been shown in patients with first‐episode psychosis 22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optic nerve head neurovascular assessments in patients with schizophrenia: A cross‐sectional study

Daneshvar,

Naghib,

Fayyazi Bordbar

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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ObjectiveThe retina is a protrusion of the brain, so researchers have recently proposed retinal changes as a new marker for studying central nervous system diseases. To investigate optic nerve head neurovascular structure assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in schizophrenia compared to healthy subjects.MethodsThe study was conducted from 2019 to 2021 at the Ibn Sina Psychiatric Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. We enrolled 22 hospitalized known cases of schizophrenia, treated with risperidone as an antipsychotic drug, and 22 healthy subjects. The two groups were matched in age and gender. In the schizophrenic group, the positive and negative syndrome scale test was used to assess the illness severity. All subjects underwent complete ophthalmic evaluations and OCTA imaging.ResultsWe found that the cup/disc area ratio, vertical cup/disc ratio, and horizontal cup/disc ratio are significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia than in healthy subjects (with p‐values of 0.019, 0.015, and 0.022, respectively). No statistically significant difference in the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and vascular parameters of the optic nerve head was observed between schizophrenia and healthy groups.ConclusionWe found evidence regarding the difference in the optic nerve head tomographic properties in schizophrenia compared to healthy subjects. However, ONH vascular parameters showed no significant difference. More studies are needed for a definite conclusion.

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Choroidal structural analysis in ultra-high risk and first-episode psychosis

Cited by 2 publications

References 73 publications

Oculomics: A Crusade Against the Four Horsemen of Chronic Disease

Oculomics: A Crusade Against the Four Horsemen of Chronic Disease

Optic nerve head neurovascular assessments in patients with schizophrenia: A cross‐sectional study

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