Choroidal Blood Flow Change in Eyes with High Myopia

Yang, Young Seong; Koh, Jai‐Kyoung

doi:10.3341/kjo.2015.29.5.309

Cited by 48 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Spina et al 17 reported reduced dimensions of the main retinal vessels appeared inversely related to AL, and Yang et al 22 reported ocular blood flow was negatively related to AL. In accordance with these studies, this study found that both macular and RPC flow densities were negatively related to AL by multiple linear regression analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular flow density in pathological myopia: an optical coherence tomography angiography study

et al. 2017

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ObjectivesTo investigate vascular flow density in pathological myopia with optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography.DesignA prospective comparative study was conducted from December 2015 to March 2016.SettingParticipants were recruited in Beijing Tongren Hospital.ParticipantsA total of 131 eyes were enrolled, which were divided into three groups: 45 eyes with emmetropia (EM; mean spherical equivalent (MSE) 0.50D to −0.50D), 41 eyes with high myopia (HM; MSE ≤−6.00D, without pathological changes), and 45 eyes with pathological myopia (PM; MSE ≤−6.00D and axial length (AL) ≥26.5 mm, and with pathological changes).Main outcome measuresMacular, choriocapillaris and radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) flow densities were measured and compared between groups, and their relationships with AL and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were analysed.ResultsSignificant differences were found in macular, choriocapillaris and RPC flow densities among the three groups (p<0.05). Multiple comparisons revealed that, compared with the EM and HM groups, macular and RPC flow densities of the PM group were significantly decreased (p<0.05), but no significant difference in choriocapillaris flow density was found between the PM and HM groups (p=0.731). Compared with the EM group, retinal flow density in the macular and arcuate fibre region was not decreased in the HM group. In addition, there was a negative correlation between AL and superficial macular flow density (β=−0.542, p<0.001), deep macular flow density (β=−0.282, p=0.002) and RPC flow density (β=−0.522, p<0.001); and a positive correlation between BCVA and superficial macular flow density (β=0.194, p=0.021), deep macular flow density (β=0.373, p<0.001), and choriocapillaris flow density (β=0.291, p=0.001).ConclusionsMacular and RPC flow densities decreased in pathological myopia compared with high myopia and emmetropia. No significant decrease of retinal flow density in the macular and arcuate fibre region was found in high myopic eyes compared with emmetropic eyes. Moreover, macular and RPC flow densities were negatively related to AL, and macular flow density was positively related to BCVA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular flow density in pathological myopia: an optical coherence tomography angiography study

et al. 2017

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“…Through the study of myopia model (chicken) and myopia patients, Shih et al and Yang et al [ 30 , 31 ] found that compared to the control group, the choroidal blood flow in the myopia group decreased, which was related to the refractive index and axial length of the eye. Dimitrova et al [ 32 ] showed that the axial length of myopia patients is closely related to the flow rate of the posterior ciliary artery (PCA) and central retinal artery (CRA), and the flow rates of the PCA and CRA decrease with the increase of the degree of myopia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) integrity and its relations to retinal microvasculature and microcirculation in myopic eyes

Jiang

Shao

et al. 2018

Eye and Vis

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BackgroundThe aim was to determine retinal nerve fiber layer function and its relations to retinal microvasculature and microcirculation in patients with myopia.MethodPolarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) was used to measure phase retardation per unit depth (PR/UD, proportional to the birefringence) of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was used to measure macular vessel density analyzed using fractal analysis. In addition, a retinal function imager (RFI) was used to measure macular blood flow velocities in arterioles and venules. Twenty-two patients with moderate myopia (MM, refraction > 3 and < 6 diopters), seventeen patients with high myopia (HM, ≥ 6 D) and 29 healthy control subjects (HC, ≤ 3.00 D) were recruited. One eye of each patient was imaged.ResultsAlthough the average PR/UD of the RNFL in the HM group did not reach a significant level, the birefringence of the inferior quadrant was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the HM group compared to the HC group. Significant thinning of the average RNFL and focal thinning of RFNL in temporal, superior and inferior quadrants in the HM group were found, compared to the HC group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences of retinal blood flow velocities in arterioles and venules among groups (P > 0.05). The macular vessel density in both superficial and deep vascular plexuses was significantly lower in the HM group than in the other two groups (P < 0.05) as well as in the MM group than in the HC group (P < 0.05). The average PR/UD and PR/UD in the inferior quadrant were not related to refraction, axial length, blood flow velocities and macular vessel densities (r ranged from − 0.09 to 0.19, P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe impairment of the retinal nerve fiber birefringence in the HM group may be one of the independent features in high myopic eyes, which appeared not to relate to macular microvascular density and blood flow velocity.

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“…In humans, dramatic reductions in ChT and ChBF were observed in high myopia. 12,[23][24][25][41][42][43][44] Additionally, in highly myopic eyes some studies found the decreases in the large choroidal vessels 45 and choriocapillaris vessels, 46,47 as well as thinning of the layer of medium-sized vessels, 48 which might also be correlated with a decrease in ChBP. In our previous study, 49 we found that ChT was decreased when human subjects received a 6-D accommodation stimulus (a factor that might contribute to the development of myopia) compared with zero-accommodation controls.…”

Section: Changes In Cht and Chbp In Guinea Pig Myopia Were Strongly Cmentioning

confidence: 98%

Changes in Choroidal Thickness and Choroidal Blood Perfusion in Guinea Pig Myopia

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2019

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

144

108

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The purpose of this study was to study changes in choroidal thickness (ChT) and choroidal blood perfusion (ChBP), and the correlation between them, in guinea pig myopia. METHODS. The reliability of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) for measuring ChT and ChBP was verified in guinea pigs, after cervical dislocation (n ¼ 7) or temporal ciliary artery transection (n ¼ 6). Changes in refraction, axial length, ChT, and ChBP were measured during spontaneous myopia (n ¼ 9), monocular form-deprivation myopia (FDM, n ¼ 13), or lens-induced myopia (LIM, n ¼ 14), and after 4 days of recovery from FDM and LIM. RESULTS. The abolition (by cervical dislocation) or reduction (by temporal ciliary artery transection) of ChBP, and of the associated changes in ChT, were verified by OCTA, thus validating the method of measurement. In the spontaneous myopia group, ChT and ChBP were reduced by 25.2% and 31.9%, respectively. In FDM eyes, mean 6 SD ChT and ChBP decreased significantly compared with the untreated fellow eyes (ChT fellow: 76.13 6 9.34 lm versus 64.76 6 11.15 lm for FDM; ChBP fellow: 37.87 6 6.37 3 10 3 versus 30.27 6 6.06 3 10 3 for FDM) and increased after 4 days of recovery (ChT: 77.94 6 12.57 lm; ChBP: 37.41 6 6.11 3 10 3). Effects of LIM were similar to those of FDM. Interocular differences in ChT and ChBP were significantly correlated in each group (FDM: R ¼ 0.71, P < 0.001; LIM: R ¼ 0.53, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS. ChT and ChBP were significantly decreased in all three models of guinea pig myopia, and they both increased during recovery. Changes in ChT were positively correlated with changes in ChBP. Therefore, it is possible that the changes of ChT are responsible for the changes of ChBP or vice versa. Keywords: myopia, choroidal thickness, choroidal blood perfusion, guinea pig M yopia is commonly recognized as an ocular disorder that carries significant risks of visually blinding complications. 1,2 In recent decades, the prevalence and severity of myopia have been on the rise, and it is estimated that by 2050 there will be 4.76 billion people with myopia and 0.94 billion with high myopia. 3-6 Meanwhile, the total cost of myopia correction is also increasing, becoming a relatively large economic burden in urbanized countries. 7-9 With the drastic increase in the public health impact, as well as the socioeconomic burden of myopia, many researchers have focused on investigating the mechanisms underlying myopia development. Twenty years ago, in a seminal study, Wallman et al. found that choroidal thickness (ChT) in chicks significantly increased and decreased in response to positive and negative lens-induced defocus, causing hyperopic and myopic refractive shifts, respectively. 10 On removal of the imposed negative lens defocus, the choroid of the now myopic eye thickened, moving the retina forward toward the defocused image plane. Such bidirectional growth regulation has stimulated researchers to study the choroid as a target tissue for myopia control, and ChT has been investigated as a surrogate marker for...

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Choroidal Blood Flow Change in Eyes with High Myopia

Cited by 48 publications

References 22 publications

Vascular flow density in pathological myopia: an optical coherence tomography angiography study

Vascular flow density in pathological myopia: an optical coherence tomography angiography study

Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) integrity and its relations to retinal microvasculature and microcirculation in myopic eyes

Changes in Choroidal Thickness and Choroidal Blood Perfusion in Guinea Pig Myopia

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