Choroid plexus calcification as a possible clue of serotonin implication in schizophrenia

Bersani, Giuseppe; Garavini, Alessandra; Taddei, Ines; Tanfani, G.; Pancheri, P.

doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(98)00935-5

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…21 Calcification of the choroid plexus is known to occur more commonly. 1 However, the fact that some of the granular cells in this study were found in rosettes or acini (typically an epithelial arrangement) rules out cartilagenous metaplasia. These cells might represent the granular large mononuclear cells found sometimes in the CSF (personal observation).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Cytology of the Normal and Abnormal Choroid Plexi in Selected Domestic Mammals, Wildlife Species, and Man

Garma-Aviña

2004

J VET Diagn Invest

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Abstract.A cytologic study of the choroid plexi of animals and humans was carried out using impression smears (imprints, imp) to understand better the cellular changes that occur in the cerebrospinal fluid in the case of disease. The samples, totaling 756 imp were from 11 dogs (239 imp), 10 horses (219 imp), 1 mule (23 imp), 3 cattle (69 imp), 1 sheep (19 imp), 2 pigs (39 imp), 1 deer (20 imp), 4 monkeys (22 imp), and 7 humans (106 imp). The samples came from individuals clinically free of neurologic disease, as well as from a few abnormal cases. Six of the 7 humans had no history of neurologic disease and had a complete necropsy with brain histopathology. The seventh human case had mild neurologic signs at the time of death and only a partial necropsy with histopathological examination of the brain, in which a few small leptomeningeal lymphocytic infiltrates and polymicrogyria were found. One of the human brains without neurologic disease had arteriosclerosis. In the 40 individuals studied, several features and some unique cell types were found, for which little or no information is available. Four different morphologic cell types were consistently found in all the species studied. The first 3 types were arbitrarily named alpha (with deeply basophilic cytoplasm), beta (with neutral to weakly acidophilic cytoplasm), and gamma or vesicle-bearing cells. The third type, gamma, was a cell bearing unique inclusions (vesicles) filled with many tiny light tan to pale pink granules. The fourth type was the Kolmer cell found in very low numbers. Immature lymphocytes were found in all of 3 newborn foals, in 1 pig, and in the only stillborn calf and deer studied. The results suggest that the choroid plexi contain more than 1 epithelial cell type and that knowledge of their morphology is far from complete because other unusual cells and structures are also present in small numbers. Imprints are excellent for studying the choroid plexi, especially for tiny changes that are too subtle to be seen in hematoxylin and eosin sections.The first cytologic specimens of human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were studied for diagnostic purposes more than a century ago. 25 Subsequently, the cytologic study of the CSF has become routine procedure in human and veterinary hospitals all over the world. Because about 90% of the CSF is produced by the choroid plexi cells (ChPCs), 22 knowledge of the appearance of these cells in cytologic specimens can be useful for the identification of cells or structures found in the CSF. Considerable confusion exists, however, on the actual morphology of ChPCs in CSF specimens, for although a few publications have illustrated their incidental finding in the CSF, no proof of their identity has ever been offered. On comparing the photographs of purported ChPCs depicted in 5 different cytology publications, none of them shows the same cell type, and no proof of their identity is offered. 4,5,15 Also, the ASCP official publication on the cytology of body fluids does not even include a photograph. 14 Surprisingly, no...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Cytology of the Normal and Abnormal Choroid Plexi in Selected Domestic Mammals, Wildlife Species, and Man

Garma-Aviña

2004

J VET Diagn Invest

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“…The first study did not report significant differences in the severity of positive TD between those with and without calcification of the choroid plexus (Sandyk, 1993a). The second study showed an association between the length of left choroid plexus calcification and the severity of positive TD, though the direction of this correlation was not specified (Bersani et al, 1999a). One TDmotivated study of choroid plexus calcification was additionally found, where no significant difference in ordinal ratings of calcification length was determined between those with mild and severe positive TD (Sandyk, 1993b).…”

Section: Gross Cortical Structure and The Ventricular Systemmentioning

confidence: 93%

A systematic review of the structural neuroimaging correlates of thought disorder

Sumner

Bell

Rossell

2018

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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“…These alterations have been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis (Reboldi et al, 2009; Vargas et al, 2010). A further interesting finding, not extensively reported in the literature, is the relatively high incidence of calcifications in the CP of schizophrenic patients, which may, as well, result from altered CP metabolism (Belmonte de Abreu, unpublished data and Bersani et al, 1999). …”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

Do genes and environment meet to regulate cerebrospinal fluid dynamics? Relevance for schizophrenia

Palha

Santos

Marques

et al. 2012

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopment disorder in which the interplay of genes and environment contributes to disease onset and establishment. The most consistent pathological feature in schizophrenic patients is an enlargement of the brain ventricles. Yet, so far, no study has related this finding with dysfunction of the choroid plexus (CP), the epithelial cell monolayer located within the brain ventricles that is responsible for the production of most of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Enlarged brain ventricles are already present at the time of disease onset (young adulthood) and, of notice, isolated mild ventriculomegaly detected in utero is associated with subsequent mild neurodevelopmental abnormalities similar to those observed in children at high risk of developing schizophrenia. Here we propose that altered CP/CSF dynamics during neurodevelopment may be considered a risk, causative and/or participating factor for development of schizophrenia.

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Choroid plexus calcification as a possible clue of serotonin implication in schizophrenia

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

Cytology of the Normal and Abnormal Choroid Plexi in Selected Domestic Mammals, Wildlife Species, and Man

Cytology of the Normal and Abnormal Choroid Plexi in Selected Domestic Mammals, Wildlife Species, and Man

A systematic review of the structural neuroimaging correlates of thought disorder

Do genes and environment meet to regulate cerebrospinal fluid dynamics? Relevance for schizophrenia

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