Choriogenin and vitellogenin in red lip mullet (Chelon haematocheilus):Purification, characterization, and evaluation as potential biomarkers for detecting estrogenic activity

Vitellogenesis and choriogenesis in fishes

“…This liver-derived precursor of egg envelope protein was named Chg in mummichog and medaka [30]. To date, Chg has been isolated and purified in several fish species including medaka [100,101], Sakhalin taimen [102], masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou [103], Atlantic cod [104] and red lip mullet Chelon haematocheilus [105], and the presence of two different Chgs with distinct molecular weights and antigenicities, namely Chg high molecular weight (Chg H) and Chg low molecular weight (Chg L), has been confirmed in these species (see Fig. 1).…”

“…Furthermore, in red lip mullet, we established identification and measurement systems for major Vtg subtypes and confirmed estrogen responsiveness. Moreover, we developed systems for qualitative analysis, identification, and measurement of Chg and attempted a preliminary investigation using a model river [105]. Until now, the investigation targeting both species of Mugilidae detected extremely high estrogen activity in urban coastal waters, and histopathological observations revealed some fish to have abnormal gonads, including ovotestes.…”

Lrp13 is a novel vertebrate lipoprotein receptor that binds vitellogenins in teleost fishes

“…Recombinant CtLR13+1 His-fusion proteins were expressed in Rosetta-gami B (DE3) pLysS (Novagen, Madison, WI) and recovered using BugBuster protein extraction reagent and Ni-charged His-Bind resin chromatography (Novagen). Superdex 200 gel purifi ed recombinant CtLR13+1 was used to raise polyclonal ␣ -CtLrp13 in rabbit as described by Hong et al ( 34 ). Synthetic white perch Lrp13 peptides (CSLGYSGDSCQDHLLKT and TTL-NESSQLRNLATQDC) and Lr8 Ϫ peptides (CRPEANVSTSIQVD-STARGSA and CSVDLNGDNRKKVLQS) were used to raise polyclonal ␣ -WpLrp13 and ␣ -WpLr8 Ϫ in chickens (GeneTel Laboratories, Madison, WI).…”

Transgene chgH-rfp expression at developmental stages and reproductive status in marine medaka (Oryzias dancena)

“…Medaka fishes at this age have been known to possess vitellogenic oocytes with developed yolk vesicles in females (Kinoshita et al 2009). However, in the present study, none of transgenic females showed naturally occurring RFP signals, suggesting that the regulation of transgenic chgH would not be robust yet in sexually differentiated, but immature, transgenic fish, which is generally in accordance with the anticipated role of the choriogenin as the main constitute of egg envelop (Hong et al 2009). However, these young immature individuals have been proven to respond readily to exogenously administered estrogens as reported previously (Cho et al 2013;Nam et al 2015).…”