Choriocarcinoma and Gestational Trophoblastic Disease

Hyperglycosylated hCG in a Group of Iraqi Patients with Gestational Trophoblastic Disease

“…However, it is much higher than incidences of 1 per 1000, 1.3 per 1000, and 2 per 1000 pregnancies reported in the United States, the United Kingdom and Japan respectively Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY (36,37,38) . The reason for low prevalence in industrialized countries compared to developing countries may be due to differences in the denominators (per pregnancies versus per deliveries) and most studies in developing countries were hospital based (39) .…”

Management of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia

“…PSTT differs from CC, growing more slowly, metastasising later, involving lymph nodes more commonly and producing less hCG [15]. However, like CC, it can arise after any type of pregnancy, including PHM, and usually presents with abnormal vaginal bleeding [16]. PSTT may be suspected if the hCG level is low for the volume of disease present on imaging combined with an elevated free beta form of hCG, but none of these features are diagnostic.…”

“…In 80% of patients with a benign hydatidiform mole, serum hCG levels steadily drop to normal within 8-12 weeks after evacuation of the molar pregnancy. In the other 20% of patients with a malignant hydatidiform mole, serum hCG levels either rise or plateau [16,17].…”

“…Maternal and paternal chromosomes are present if a term pregnancy precedes the choriocarcinoma. Of choriocarcinomas, 50% are preceded by a hydatidiform mole, 25% by an abortion, 3% by ectopic pregnancy, and the other 22% by a full-term pregnancy [16].…”

Choriocarcinoma of unknown origin with multiple organ metastasis and cerebral hemorrhage: A case report and literature review

“…Choriocarcinoma of non-placental origin is highly malignant and is mainly characterized by the production of large amounts of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) hormones (1). The disease is extremely rare, particularly in male patients, and there are few studies on such cases (2).…”