Choosing between sides in the battle for pioneer colonization of schist in the Côa Valley Archaeological Park: a community ecology perspective

Marques, Joana; Hespanhol, Helena; Paz-Bermúdez, Graciela; Almeida, Rubim

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2014.02.021

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Since Lecanora pseudistera is the most effective in terms of hyphal spread among the four lichens analysed (Table ), and having been the most frequent and abundant on NW facing slopes (Marques et al. ) one might assume a more intensive lichen‐induced physical weathering happening at NW than at SE facing surfaces in the Côa Valley. Among the four lichens analyzed, Peltula euploca was probably the most surprising in terms of physical performance since the attachment of this peltate (shield‐like) growth form is far from being limited to superficial layers, penetrating up to 3.9 mm into the rock.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peltula euploca is a widespread squamulose epilith characteristic of the rain‐track communities of vertical schist surfaces and exclusive of SE facing exposures (Marques et al. ). Each squamule is attached to the substrate by a central umbilicus and its lower surface is pale to dark brown.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lecanora pseudistera is a white crustose species proliferating on NW facing surfaces, although it can also be found less abundantly on SE facing schist surfaces. Peltula euploca is a widespread squamulose epilith characteristic of the raintrack communities of vertical schist surfaces and exclusive of SE facing exposures (Marques et al 2014). Each squamule is attached to the substrate by a central umbilicus and its lower surface is pale to dark brown.…”

Section: Target Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some components of that variation in the Côa Valley have been previously addressed from an ecological perspective (Marques et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The variation of the diversity and composition of lichen assemblages with rock surface orientation is a well-known phenomenon in both natural and cultural contexts (Adamson et al 2013) as orientation acts as a proxy of those environmental variables, mainly temperature and humidity, which affect the structure and dynamics of saxicolous lichen communities. Some components of that variation in the Côa Valley have been previously addressed from an ecological perspective (Marques et al 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

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On the dual nature of lichen‐induced rock surface weathering in contrasting micro‐environments

Marques

Gonçalves

Oliveira

et al. 2016

Ecology

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Contradictory evidence from biogeomorphological studies has increased the debate on the extent of lichen contribution to differential rock surface weathering in both natural and cultural settings. This study, undertaken in Côa Valley Archaeological Park, aimed at evaluating the effect of rock surface orientation on the weathering ability of dominant lichens. Hyphal penetration and oxalate formation at the lichen-rock interface were evaluated as proxies of physical and chemical weathering, respectively. A new protocol of pixel-based supervised image classification for the analysis of periodic acid-Schiff stained cross-sections of colonized schist revealed that hyphal spread of individual species was not influenced by surface orientation. However, hyphal spread was significantly higher in species dominant on northwest facing surfaces. An apparently opposite effect was noticed in terms of calcium oxalate accumulation at the lichen-rock interface; it was detected by Raman spectroscopy and complementary X-ray microdiffraction on southeast facing surfaces only. These results suggest that lichen-induced physical weathering may be most severe on northwest facing surfaces by means of an indirect effect of surface orientation on species abundance, and thus dependent on the species, whereas lichen-induced chemical weathering is apparently higher on southeast facing surfaces and dependent on micro-environmental conditions, giving only weak support to the hypothesis that lichens are responsible for the currently observed pattern of rock-art distribution in Côa Valley. Assumptions about the drivers of open-air rock-art distribution patterns elsewhere should also consider the micro-environmental controls of lichen-induced weathering, to avoid biased measures of lichen contribution to rock-art deterioration.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Target Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some components of that variation in the Côa Valley have been previously addressed from an ecological perspective (Marques et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the dual nature of lichen‐induced rock surface weathering in contrasting micro‐environments

Marques

Gonçalves

Oliveira

et al. 2016

Ecology

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An overview of techniques for the characterization and quantification of microbial colonization on stone monuments

et al. 2014

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Biodeterioration can be defined as any undesired change of the properties of a material caused by biological activity of living organisms. The biodeterioration of stone materials is related to the production of pigments (aesthetic action), to cell metabolism (biochemical action) and to the mechanical action of the biomass colonizing the material during its growth (physical action). Quantification of the sessile biomass and characterization of microbial communities colonizing stone are essential first steps to ensure the diagnosis of biodeterioration processes and to implement control strategies and appropriate treatment. Different destructive and non-destructive approaches can be used to sample stone specimens from monuments: scraping, swab using, and cutting. Different analytical methods can be used depending on the type of microorganism sought: determination of chlorophyll content and color analysis for pigmented microorganisms; measurement of in situ physiological activity of surface microcolonies by applying fluorogenic substrate analogues or confocal laser scanning microscopy observations after CTC staining for active biomass; scanning or transmission electron microscopy observation for biofilm visualization; enzymelinked immunosorbent assay for the investigation of both microorganisms that can and cannot be cultured; classical microbiological methods, which consist in cultivation of microorganisms on synthetic media; and molecular methods for the study of microbial biodiversity based on the polymorphism of molecular markers using PCR, hybridization, classical or high throughput sequencing. The aim of this review is to present basics of the different biodeterioration mechanisms and to focus on the main techniques that can be used to characterize and quantify the biodeterioration biomass.

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Nd:YAG and Er:YAG laser cleaning to remove Circinaria hoffmanniana (Lichenes, Ascomycota) from schist located in the Côa Valley Archaeological Park

Pozo-António

Barreiro

González

et al. 2019

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

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Choosing between sides in the battle for pioneer colonization of schist in the Côa Valley Archaeological Park: a community ecology perspective

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

On the dual nature of lichen‐induced rock surface weathering in contrasting micro‐environments

On the dual nature of lichen‐induced rock surface weathering in contrasting micro‐environments

An overview of techniques for the characterization and quantification of microbial colonization on stone monuments

Nd:YAG and Er:YAG laser cleaning to remove Circinaria hoffmanniana (Lichenes, Ascomycota) from schist located in the Côa Valley Archaeological Park

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