Chondroprotective Properties of Human-Enriched Serum Following Polyphenol Extract Absorption: Results from an Exploratory Clinical Trial

Abstract

Polyphenols are widely acknowledged for their health benefits, especially for the prevention of inflammatory and age-related diseases. We previously demonstrated that hydroxytyrosol (HT) and procyanidins (PCy), alone or in combination, drive preventive anti-osteoathritic effects in vivo. However, the lack of sufficient clinical evidences on the relationship between dietary phytochemicals and osteoarthritis remains. In this light, we investigated in humans the potential osteoarticular benefit of a grapeseed and olive extract (OPCO) characterized for its hydroxytyrosol (HT) and procyanidins (PCy) content. We first validated, in vitro, the anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective properties of the extract on primary cultured human articular chondrocytes stimulated by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 β). The sparing effect involved a molecular mechanism dependent on the nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. To confirm the clinical relevance of such a nutritional strategy, we designed an innovative clinical approach taking into account the metabolites that are formed during the digestion process and that appear in circulation after the ingestion of the OPCO extract. Blood samples from volunteers were collected following ingestion, absorption, and metabolization of the extract and then were processed and applied on human primary chondrocyte cultures. This original ex vivo methodology confirmed at a clinical level the chondroprotective properties previously observed in vitro and in vivo.

Olive Fruit Extracts Supplement Improve Antioxidant Capacity via Altering Colonic Microbiota Composition in Mice

“…TNF-α and IL-1β are usually considered to be the two key regulators of pro-inflammatory response, which are involved in promoting inflammation and causing tissue damage ( 56 ). A previous study has demonstrated that olive extracts had anti-IL-1β activity in humans ( 57 ). An in vitro study also found that polyphenol-rich olive extracts decreased the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines ( 58 ).…”

Metabolic and Anti-Inflammatory Protective Properties of Human Enriched Serum Following Artichoke Leaf Extract Absorption: Results from an Innovative Ex Vivo Clinical Trial

“…At the cellular level, we found that: (1) ALE metabolites exert hepatoprotective properties in human hepatocytes by counteracting a fatty acid-induced lipotoxic stress that is commonly observed in hypercholesterolemia [ 9 ] and steatohepatitis [ 10 ]; (2) ALE metabolites limit adipogenic differentiation and hypertrophy, a cellular feature of obesity and metabolic syndrome [ 23 ]; (3) finally, ALE metabolites protect chondrocyte from an IL-1β stimulation that mimics osteo-arthritis inflammatory environment [ 14 ].…”

“…Three healthy volunteers who fasted for 12 h were given at once 8 g of an artichoke leaf extract (ALE). The dose was set according to validated preclinical and clinical data [ 5 , 11 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. The ALE extract was given dissolved in 200 mL of water.…”

“…Human articular chondrocytes (HACs) were harvested from the tibial plateau and femoral condyles following knee replacement surgery and isolated as previously described [ 14 ]. Only intact cartilage areas were kept and processed for chondrocytes isolation.…”

Dietary Interventions with Polyphenols in Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review Directed from the Preclinical Data to Randomized Clinical Studies

“…A 2016 study by Mevel et al [ 47 ] which investigated a standardized combination of two extracts from grapeseeds and olive in two post-traumatic OA animal models (PTOA) paved the way for the evaluation of this extract at a clinical level by the same research team [ 48 ]. In the light of the promising preclinical results of the grapeseed and olive extract (OPCO), which has a high content of HT and procyanidins (PCy), the research team attempted illuminate the chemical modifications that polyphenols undergo in the human body and determine whether in vitro results could correlate with an ex vivo model.…”