“…For the last few years, chalcones, belonging to flavonoid derivatives, have attracted great interest due to their diverse bioactivities, encompassing antimalarial [ 13 , 14 ], antimicrobial [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], antioxidant [ 28 ], antitumor [ 29 , 30 , 31 ], anti-inflammatory [ 32 , 33 , 34 ], analgesic [ 34 , 35 , 36 ], to antiulcer [ 37 , 38 ]. Recent studies have also indicated the abilities of chalcones in inhibiting enzymes, including alpha-glucosidase [ 39 , 40 ], lipoxygenase [ 33 , 41 ], mammalian alpha-amylase [ 42 , 43 ], xanthine oxidase [ 44 ], monoamine oxidase (MAO) [ 45 , 46 , 47 ], especially acetylcholinesterase [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ] and beta-secretase (BACE-1) [ 53 , 54 ]. Therefore, the research of bioactivities of chalcone derivatives on the function of human brain, especially AChE and BACE-1 provides great promise in the discovery of new therapeutic agents for a range of neurological diseases including AD.…”