Cholinesterase activity of peripheral nerves

Boell, E. J.

doi:10.1002/jcp.1030250202

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…On the other hand, though the cholinesterase level is reduced within 7 days after EFFECTS OF DENERVATION IN ARTERIES section of the sympathetic nerves only, it does not later disappear but remains at about half that of the normal ear (Table 2 C). It seems, therefore, that cholinesterase is more closely related to the nervous elements in the artery wall than is amine oxidase. Since cholinesterase is known to be present in peripheral nerve trunks (Boell, 1945;Sawyer & Hollinshead, 1945;Sawyer, 1946), in two experiments the nerve trunk which accompanies the central artery was also dissected out from both normal ears and those deprived of their sympathetic nerves. Estimation showed both to contain pseudo-cholinesterase, their levels of activity being approximately the same.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Reactivity Of Normal And Denervated Arteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since cholinesterase is known to be present in peripheral nerve trunks (Boell, 1945;Sawyer & Hollinshead, 1945;Sawyer, 1946), in two experiments the nerve trunk which accompanies the central artery was also dissected out from both normal ears and those deprived of their sympathetic nerves. Estimation showed both to contain pseudo-cholinesterase, their levels of activity being approximately the same.…”

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confidence: 99%

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An explanation for the heightened vascular reactivity of the denervated rabbit's ear

Armin¹,

Grant²,

Thompson³

et al. 1953

The Journal of Physiology

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Section: Comparison Of the Reactivity Of Normal And Denervated Arteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An explanation for the heightened vascular reactivity of the denervated rabbit's ear

Armin¹,

Grant²,

Thompson³

et al. 1953

The Journal of Physiology

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“…In a detailed study of the dog's brain Burgen & Chipman (1951) have recently shown that benzoylcholine is hydrolysed at a relatively rapid rate by certain areas. Both types of cholinesterase had earlier been found to be present in peripheral nerve (Boell, 1945;Sawyer, 1946).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Pseudo-cholinesterase activity in the central nervous system

Ord

Thompson

1952

Biochemical Journal

120

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FLAVOPROTEINS IN B. SUBl'ILIS AND B. MEGATHERIUM 245 4. An enzyme capable of oxidizing reduced coenzyme I and reducing methylene blue occurred in all types of cell of B. 8UbtiH8 and B. megatherium. 5. Spores of B. megatherium contained a heatstable substance which inhibited reduction of methylene blue by heart diaphorase, the inhibition being prevented by the addition of large amounts (1 mg.) of coenzyme I. 6. No oxygen uptake could be measured with resting spores of the laboratory B. 8ubtili8 in phosphate buffer. The Qo2 Of these spores in buffered glucose, after preliminary heating at 600 for 15 min., was 0-42. 7. Oxygen uptake of B. 8ubtili8 and B. megatherium spores increased approximately 200 times following germination. This oxygen uptake was considerably less sensitive to cyanide than that of fully developed vegetative cells. We wish to thank Mr L. H. Kent for helpful discussion and criticism, Dr B. R. Record for the freeze drying of enzyme preparations, and Prof. 0. Warburg (Kaiser Wilhelm-Institut fur Zell-physiologie) for so kindly providing a sample of the barium salt of flavin-adenine dinucleotide. Permission to publish has been granted by the Chief Scientist, Ministry of Supply.

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“…Skeletal muscle, thymus of very young infants, brain, and hypophysis contained only the specific enzyme and the ovary only the non-specific esterase ; the thymus of older children and the heart contained both enzymes. Unlike vertebrate brain which contains only specific cholinesterase activity (185), the peripheral nerves of the rat and the dog contain both enzymes (188). The differentiation of the ne r vous system in the developing embryo of the spotted salamander was found to be accompanied by an increase in the concentration of cholinesterase in the nervous tissues ; more over, neural structures secondarily induced by experimentally im planted tissue resembled primary nervous tissue with respect to cho linesterase activity (189) .…”

Section: Non-proteolytic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Non-Oxidative Enzymes

1946

Annu. Rev. Biochem.

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An extensive account of recent work on enzymes which hydrolyze the peptide linkage was given by Greenberg & Winnick in last year's Annual Review of Biochemistry (1). The present discussion of these enzymes is necessarily limited to a consideration of a relatively small number of contributions selected from the more recent literature.Plant proteinases.-To the list of these enzymes previously re corded (1) may now be added the pro teinase "arachain" which was isolated in purified form from the cotyledons and embryo of the pea nut by Irving & Fontaine (2). This enzyme functions optimally at pH 6.5 to 7. 5 and its activity is not influenced by cyanide, cysteine, or hydrogen peroxide. when these compounds are present in concen trations which have a marked effect on several other proteinases. Moreover, the hydrolysis of the synthetic substrate benzoyl-I-arginine amide was shown to proceed in the first stages as a reaction of zero order, even at very low concentrations of substrate. The authors point out that this behavior differs from that of other proteolytic en zymes whose reaction kinetics have been studied. In practically all other cases the kinetics of the hydrolysis of synthetic substrates are those of first order reactions. Castaneda and co-workers (3) have succeeded in crystallizing the enzyme mexicain which is found in the latex of Pileus me.ricanus.Digestion of native and denatured proteins.-The fact that de natured proteins are, in many instances, more readily hydrolyzed by enzymes than the corresponding native proteins seems now to be well established. In a comparative study of the papain-digestion of native human serum albumin and of this protein after denaturation by heat and by urea, Rice and co-workers (4) have observed some interest ing effects of sodium caprylate and of the sodium sal�s of other acids such as phenyl butyric acid on the denaturation pro' cess. Each of these salts not only protects native serum albumin from undergoing coagulation at a temperature at which the protein is quickly coagulated in the absence of the salt; but the salts also have the effect of "stabiliz ing" the protein during treatment by urea or by heat in such a man-35 Annu. Rev. Biochem. 1946.15:35-74. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Access provided by Northeastern University on 02/02/15. For personal use only. Quick links to online content Further ANNUAL REVIEWS

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Cholinesterase activity of peripheral nerves

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

An explanation for the heightened vascular reactivity of the denervated rabbit's ear

An explanation for the heightened vascular reactivity of the denervated rabbit's ear

Pseudo-cholinesterase activity in the central nervous system

Non-Oxidative Enzymes

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