Cholinergic Chemotransmission and Anesthetic Drug Effects at the Carotid Bodies

Honing, Maarten; Martini, C.H.; Velzen, Monique van; Dahan, Albert; Boon, Martijn

doi:10.3390/molecules25245974

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Anesthesia enables surgery ensuring analgesia, hypnosis, and muscle relaxation as well as the perioperative body's homeostasis [34,35]. Both anesthetic technique and anesthetics drugs used can influence the surgical stress response.…”

Section: Modulation Of the Surgical Stress Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

The Surgical Stress Response and Anesthesia: A Narrative Review

Ivascu,

Torsin,

Hostiuc

et al. 2024

JCM

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The human physiological response “to stress” includes all metabolic and hormonal changes produced by a traumatic event at the micro or macro cellular levels. The main goal of the body’s first response to trauma is to keep physiological homeostasis. The perioperative non-specific adaptation response can sometimes be detrimental and can produce systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), characterized by hypermetabolism and hyper catabolism. We performed a narrative review consisting of a description of the surgical stress response’s categories of changes (neurohormonal and immunological response) followed by reviewing methods found in published studies to modulate the surgical stress response perioperatively. We described various preoperative measures cited in the literature as lowering the burden of surgical trauma. This article revises the anesthetic drugs and techniques that have an impact on the surgical stress response and proven immune-modulatory effects. We also tried to name present knowledge gaps requiring future research. Our review concludes that proper preoperative measures, adequate general anesthetics, multimodal analgesia, early postoperative mobilization, and early enteral nutrition can decrease the stress response to surgery and ease patient recovery. Anesthetics and analgesics used during the perioperative period may modulate the innate and adaptive immune system and inflammatory system, with a consecutive impact on cancer recurrence and long-term outcomes.

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Section: Modulation Of the Surgical Stress Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

The Surgical Stress Response and Anesthesia: A Narrative Review

Ivascu,

Torsin,

Hostiuc

et al. 2024

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Anesthesia allows the performing of surgical procedures in a rapid, safe, and pleasant manner, producing analgesia, absence of awareness, and adequate muscle relaxation when needed [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. A critical aspect of perioperative anesthetic care is the maintenance of homeostasis, including hemodynamic stability, oxygenation, ventilation, and temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of General Anesthesia on Redox Stability and Epigenetic Inflammation Pathways: Crosstalk on Perioperative Antioxidant Therapy

Ritiu

Rogobete

Săndesc

et al. 2022

Cells

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Worldwide, the prevalence of surgery under general anesthesia has significantly increased, both because of modern anesthetic and pain-control techniques and because of better diagnosis and the increased complexity of surgical techniques. Apart from developing new concepts in the surgical field, researchers and clinicians are now working on minimizing the impact of surgical trauma and offering minimal invasive procedures due to the recent discoveries in the field of cellular and molecular mechanisms that have revealed a systemic inflammatory and pro-oxidative impact not only in the perioperative period but also in the long term, contributing to more difficult recovery, increased morbidity and mortality, and a negative financial impact. Detailed molecular and cellular analysis has shown an overproduction of inflammatory and pro-oxidative species, responsible for augmenting the systemic inflammatory status and making postoperative recovery more difficult. Moreover, there are a series of changes in certain epigenetic structures, the most important being the microRNAs. This review describes the most important molecular and cellular mechanisms that impact the surgical patient undergoing general anesthesia, and it presents a series of antioxidant therapies that can reduce systemic inflammation.

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Cholinergic Chemotransmission and Anesthetic Drug Effects at the Carotid Bodies

Cited by 2 publications

References 49 publications

The Surgical Stress Response and Anesthesia: A Narrative Review

The Surgical Stress Response and Anesthesia: A Narrative Review

The Impact of General Anesthesia on Redox Stability and Epigenetic Inflammation Pathways: Crosstalk on Perioperative Antioxidant Therapy

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