Choline in anxiety and depression: the Hordaland Health Study

Bjelland, Ingvar; Tell, Grethe S.; Vollset, Stein Emil; Konstantinova, Svetlana V.; Ueland, Per Magne

doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.27493

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…No relationship was observed between choline and depression (Bjelland et al 2009). Whether these results reflect an effect of anxiety on choline level and intake or a predisposition to anxiety in subjects with low choline status cannot be ascertained from a study with a cross-sectional design.…”

Section: Choline and The Human Central Nervous System Development Andmentioning

confidence: 95%

Choline and betaine in health and disease

Ueland

2010

J of Inher Metab Disea

471

388

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Choline is an essential nutrient, but is also formed by de novo synthesis. Choline and its derivatives serve as components of structural lipoproteins, blood and membrane lipids, and as a precursor of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Pre-and postnatal choline availability is important for neurodevelopment in rodents. Choline is oxidized to betaine that serves as an osmoregulator and is a substrate in the betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase reaction, which links choline and betaine to the folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism. Choline and betaine are important sources of one-carbon units, in particular, during folate deficiency. Choline or betaine supplementation in humans reduces concentration of total homocysteine (tHcy), and plasma betaine is a strong predictor of plasma tHcy in individuals with low plasma concentration of folate and other B vitamins (B₂, B₆, and B₁₂) in combination TT genotype of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677 C->T polymorphism. The link to one-carbon metabolism and the recent availability of food composition data have motivated studies on choline and betaine as risk factors of chronic diseases previously studied in relation to folate and homocysteine status. High intake and plasma level of choline in the mother seems to afford reduced risk of neural tube defects. Intake of choline and betaine shows no consistent relation to cancer or cardiovascular risk or risk factors, whereas an unfavorable cardiovascular risk factor profile was associated with high choline and low betaine concentrations in plasma. Thus, choline and betaine showed opposite relations with key components of metabolic syndrome, suggesting a disruption of mitochondrial choline oxidation to betaine as part of the mitochondrial dysfunction in metabolic syndrome.

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Section: Choline and The Human Central Nervous System Development Andmentioning

confidence: 95%

Choline and betaine in health and disease

Ueland

2010

J of Inher Metab Disea

471

388

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“…Proton magnetic resonance spectra, taken from 17 depressed and 28 healthy adolescents, indicated that choline creatine ratios and choline/Nacetyl aspartate ratios were significantly higher in the depressed group [89]. However, in a large population-based study, choline concentrations were negatively associated with anxiety symptoms, but not depression [90]. Further, rats fed a choline supplemented perinatal diet, out-performed control rats in in an open-water learning maze and forced swim test [91].…”

Section: Cholinementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Vitamin B in Depression

Mikkelsen¹,

Stojanovska²,

Apostolopoulos

2016

CMC

130

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Abstract:Vitamins are dietary components which are necessary for life. They play a major role in health and their deficiency may be linked to symptoms of psychiatric disorders. B vitamins are required for proper functioning of the methylation cycle, monoamine oxidase production, DNA synthesis and the repair and maintenance of phospholipids. Vitamin B deficiency could influence memory function, cognitive impairment and dementia. In particular, vitamins B1, B3, B6, B9 and B12 are essential for neuronal function and deficiencies have been linked to depression. We discuss the causes of depression and the neurochemical pathways in depression. In particular, we provide evidence that vitamin B contributes to the complexity of depressive symptoms.

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“…Fewer studies have been done in humans, although the elderly and patients with Alzheimer's disease have reduced levels of free choline and phosphatidylcholine in the brain [28,29]. A recent large population based study of 5,918 men and women participating in the Hordaland [18] Health Study, found that low plasma choline concentrations were significantly associated with higher anxiety levels. Behavioral alterations associated with low plasma choline levels in children with ASDs warrant further research consideration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zeisel [17] observed the following symptoms when healthy individuals consumed a choline deficient diet: (1) hepatic steatosis, (2) muscle damage, (3) DNA damage, and (4) changes in lymphocyte gene expression. In addition, low plasma choline levels have been associated with increased anxiety [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition as an Important Mediator of the Impact of Background Variables on Outcome in Middle Childhood

Hamlin¹,

Pauly²,

Melnyk³

et al. 2015

Prenatal and Childhood Nutrition

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Abnormalities in folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism have been reported in many children with autism. Because inadequate choline and betaine can negatively affect folate metabolism and in turn downstream methylation and antioxidant capacity, we sought to determine whether dietary intake of choline and betaine in children with autism was adequate to meet nutritional needs based on national recommendations. Three-day food records were analyzed for 288 children with autism (ASDs) who participated in the national Autism Intervention Research Network for Physical Health (AIR-P) Study on Diet and Nutrition in children with autism. Plasma concentrations of choline and betaine were measured in a subgroup of 35 children with ASDs and 32 age-matched control children. The results indicated that 60-93% of children with ASDs were consuming less than the recommended Adequate Intake (AI) for choline. Strong positive correlations were found between dietary intake and plasma concentrations of choline and betaine in autistic children as well as lower plasma concentrations compared to the control group. We conclude that choline and betaine intake is inadequate in a significant subgroup of children with ASDs and is reflected in lower plasma levels. Inadequate intake of choline and betaine may contribute to the metabolic abnormalities observed in many children with autism and warrants attention in nutritional counseling.

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Choline in anxiety and depression: the Hordaland Health Study

Abstract: In this large population-based study, choline concentrations were negatively associated with anxiety symptoms but not with depression symptoms.

Cited by 48 publications

References 25 publications

Choline and betaine in health and disease

Choline and betaine in health and disease

The Effects of Vitamin B in Depression

Nutrition as an Important Mediator of the Impact of Background Variables on Outcome in Middle Childhood

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