Choline and Its Products Acetylcholine and Phosphatidylcholine

Wurtman, Richard J.; Cansev, Mehmet; Ulus, İsmail H.

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-30378-9_18

Cited by 29 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 489 publications

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“…Thirdly, choline is an essential precursor of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) and the major constituent of membrane phosphatidylcholine (PC). Phosphocholine is one of the intermediates during the synthesis reaction of PC from choline and ATP catalyzed by choline kinase (Wurtman et al 2010). Significant decrement of choline was reported to induce apoptosis (Yen et al 2001;Shen et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gill damage and neurotoxicity of ammonia nitrogen on the clam Ruditapes philippinarum

Cong¹,

Yang

et al. 2017

Ecotoxicology

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Ammonia nitrogen has been a potential menace to aquatic animals along the coastline of China. Presently, the toxicological effects of ammonia nitrogen were mainly concentrated on fishes, while little attention has been paid to molluscs. In this study, the clam Ruditapes philippinarum was used as the target animal to investigate the toxic effects of ammonia nitrogen. Our results showed that ammonia exposure could significantly reduce the integrity of lysosomes in a dose-dependent manner. Metabolite analysis revealed that exposure doses and duration time of ammonia nitrogen could affect the variation profiles of gill metabolites. In detail, branched chain amino acids, glutamate, choline and phosphocholine were significantly decreased after a one-day exposure. Inosine and phenylalanine were found significantly increased and ATP was decreased after a three-day exposure. The changes of metabolites implied that metabolisms of muscle element, neurotransmission and cell apoptosis of gill tissues would be affected by ammonia exposure. Such inferences were supported by the diminished muscle element, decreased concentrations of catecholamines and increased apoptosis rates, respectively. Therefore, we take advantage of metabolomics integrated with conventional biological assays to find out that ammonia exposure could cause lysosome instability, metabolic disturbance, aberrant gill structures and changes to neurotransmitters, and would result in mollusk gill dysfunction in feeding, respiration and immunity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gill damage and neurotoxicity of ammonia nitrogen on the clam Ruditapes philippinarum

Cong¹,

Yang

et al. 2017

Ecotoxicology

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“…CDP-choline is a choline donor because part of exogenously administered CDPcholine is metabolized to choline in the circulation (16). Choline is an essential nutrient and a precursor of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) as well as various membrane phospholipids (17). Choline may have anti-inflammatory effects by activating α-7 nicotinic ACh receptors (18).…”

Section: Cdp-choline In Hyperoxic Lung Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytidine 5′-diphosphocholine ameliorates hyperoxic lung injury in a neonatal rat model

et al. 2013

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Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is an important cause of morbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive effect of cytidine 5′-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) treatment on hyperoxic lung injury in a neonatal rat model. Methods: A total of 30 newborn pups were divided into control, hyperoxia, and hyperoxia + CDP-choline groups. After birth, pups in the control group were kept in room air and received saline injections, whereas those in hyperoxia and hyperoxia + CDP-choline groups were exposed to 95% O 2 and received daily injections of saline and CDP-choline throughout postnatal day 10, respectively. Histopathological scoring, radial alveolar count, lamellar body membrane protein expression, fibrosis, proinflammatory cytokine levels, lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid phospholipid content, and apoptosis were evaluated. results: Hyperoxia-induced severe lung damage was reduced significantly by CDP-choline treatment. Radial alveolar count and lamellar body membrane protein expression were significantly recovered, and the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling-positive cells, active caspase-3 expression, and tissue proinflammatory cytokine levels were decreased by CDP-choline administration. Lung tissue and BAL phospholipid contents showed significant increases after CDP-choline administration. conclusion: These data show that CDP-choline ameliorates hyperoxic lung injury in a neonatal rat model. It may therefore be suggested that CDP-choline may be a novel therapeutic option for the prevention of BPD.

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“…The data were expressed as means ± standard error of the mean (S.E.M). although many studies have been performed in vivo especially in terms of its neuroprotective and cardiovascular effects (see the review; Wurtman et al 2009). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, its metabolites, namely choline, cytidine, phosphocholine, cytidine mono and triphosphate may also have some contributions (Weiss 1995). Effects of CDP-choline were extensively investigated in vivo in terms of its restorative effects in different models of cerebrovascular disorders or neurological complications (Wurtman et al 2009). Moreover, CDP-choline increases blood pressure and reverses hypotension in vivo especially when the arterial blood pressure is decreased, for instance, by hemorrhagic shock (Savci et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a physiologically/pharmacologically active compound with therapeutic values. Accordingly, it has been used for the treatment of certain cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative disorders (Wurtman et al 2009). Acting on the central and peripheral autonomic nervous systems, CDP-choline elevates mean arterial blood pressure (Savci et al 2002;Savci et al 2003;Cansev et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CDP-choline-induced contractions in the mouse gastric fundus through purinoceptors and Rho/Rho-kinase signalling

2011

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Choline and Its Products Acetylcholine and Phosphatidylcholine

Cited by 29 publications

References 489 publications

Gill damage and neurotoxicity of ammonia nitrogen on the clam Ruditapes philippinarum

Gill damage and neurotoxicity of ammonia nitrogen on the clam Ruditapes philippinarum

Cytidine 5′-diphosphocholine ameliorates hyperoxic lung injury in a neonatal rat model

CDP-choline-induced contractions in the mouse gastric fundus through purinoceptors and Rho/Rho-kinase signalling

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