Cholesteryl-silica stationary phase for liquid chromatography

Buszewski, Bogusław; Jezierska, Marta; Wełniak, Mirosław; Kaliszan, Roman

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00141-7

Cited by 70 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…TEM (transmission electron microscope) is a microscopy technique whereby a beam of electrons is transmitted through an ultrathin specimen and carries information about the inner structure of the specimen. It is difficult to receive details of some samples due to low contrast resulting from weak interaction with the electrons; this can partially be overcome by the use of stains such as phosphotungstic acid and RuO 4 . Sometimes the organic components of the sample would be decomposed by the electron beam; this can be avoided using cryogenic microscopy (cryo-TEM), where the specimen is measured at liquid nitrogen or liquid helium temperatures in a frozen state.…”

Section: Zeta Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to alkyl-bonded phases, FTIR can be used to characterize phases containing other ligands (cholesterolic, alkylamide, etc. [4,94]). …”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared (Ftir)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At a longer contact time, more flexible moieties of the stationary phase are polarized, and variations of contact time can be used to investigate the dynamic properties of adsorbents [25]. 13 C CP/MAS NMR also provides useful information about the surface structure of chemically bonded ligand [4].…”

Section: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (Nmr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kaliszan et al used quantitative structure-retention relationships (QSRRs) to deliver information about how an analyte's retention depends on its structure [1,4,105,106]. This theory is based on the linear free energy relationship and the equations log k w = log k -sφ (16) in which k is the retention factor, k w is the retention factor extrapolated to pure water as the mobile phase, and φ is the percentage of organic modifier in the mobile phase, and…”

Section: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (Nmr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physico-chemical methods for the chromatographic materials heterogeneity evaluation

Michel¹,

Sprynskyy²,

Buszewski³

2009

Annales UMCS, Chemistry

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The characterization methods used in the analysis of the chemical structure, microstructure and morphology, as well as the physical properties, of the chromatographic support are varied. This paper will focus on some techniques often used for the investigation of polymer/silica stationary phases. Many of these techniques are specific for characterization of particular properties of phases, and the properties of phases are also discussed correspondingly. To fully understand structure-property relationships, several characterization techniques are presented.

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Section: Zeta Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to alkyl-bonded phases, FTIR can be used to characterize phases containing other ligands (cholesterolic, alkylamide, etc. [4,94]). …”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared (Ftir)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (Nmr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (Nmr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Physico-chemical methods for the chromatographic materials heterogeneity evaluation

Michel¹,

Sprynskyy²,

Buszewski³

2009

Annales UMCS, Chemistry

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“…Although cholesterol has been applied in open tubular CEC, currently there are no reports for the use of this biological ligand in packed column CEC. In contrast, several reports of cholesterol bonded to aminopropyl silica are described in HPLC [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Packed‐column capillary electrochromatography and capillary electrochromatography‐mass spectrometry using a lithocholic acid stationary phase

Norton

Shamsi

2008

Electrophoresis

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The preparation and characterization of a novel lithocholic acid (LCA)-based liquid crystalline (LC) stationary phase (SP) suitable for application in packed-column CEC and CEC coupled to MS is described. The extent of bonding reactions of LCA-SP was assessed using 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR and elemental analysis. This characterization is followed by application of the LCA-SP for separation of β-blockers, phenylethylamines (PEAs), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Using the optimum mobile phase operating conditions (pH 3.0-4.5, 10 mM ammonium acetate, 85% v/v ACN), a comparison of the chromatographic ability of the aminopropyl silica phase vs. the LCA-bonded phase was conducted. The results showed improved selectivity for all test analytes using the latter phase. For example, the CEC-MS of β-blockers demonstrated that the LCA-bonded phase provides separation of six out of seven β-blockers, whereas the amino silica phase provides four peaks of several co-eluting β-blockers. For the CEC-MS analysis of PEAs, the LCA-bonded phase showed improved resolution and different selectivity as compared to the aminopropyl phase. An evaluation of the retention trends for PEAs on both phases suggested that the PEAs were retained based on varying degree of hydroxyl substitution on the aromatic ring. In addition, the MS characterization shows several PEAs fragment in the electrospray either by loss of an alkyl group and/or by loss of H 2 O. Finally, the LCA-bonded phase displayed significantly higher separation selectivity for PAHs and PCBs as compared to the amino silica phase.

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Silica Gel and its Derivatization for Liquid Chromatography

Skoczylas

Krzemińska

Bocian

et al. 2017

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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In this article, we review the preparation methods of silica and silica hybrid materials, as well as their surface modification and application in liquid chromatography (LC). First we discuss the synthesis and properties of silica and silica hybrids. In the second part, we present the modification methods leading to their stationary phases. The current state of the art of the stationary phase's synthesis during silanization, hydrosilation, and coating is discussed. A detailed characterization of both native silica and its modifications is provided. The most common stationary phases for reversed‐phase, normal‐phase, and hydrophilic interaction LC are featured. Unconventional stationary phases, for example, with bonded cholesterol molecules, are also included. The potential applications of the described stationary phases are presented.

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Cholesteryl-silica stationary phase for liquid chromatography

Cited by 70 publications

References 22 publications

Physico-chemical methods for the chromatographic materials heterogeneity evaluation

Physico-chemical methods for the chromatographic materials heterogeneity evaluation

Packed‐column capillary electrochromatography and capillary electrochromatography‐mass spectrometry using a lithocholic acid stationary phase

Silica Gel and its Derivatization for Liquid Chromatography

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