Cholesterol sulfate. II. Studies on its metabolism and possible function in canine blood

Lalumière, Gaston; Longpré, Jessie; Trudel, Jacques; Chapdelaine, A.; Roberts, Kenneth D.

doi:10.1016/0005-2736(75)90210-2

Cited by 33 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…An impairment in such deformability due to glycated hemoglobin is associated with diabetes [268]. In canine blood, Ch-S has been shown to lessen hemolysis and stabilize RBCs [269]. Scanning electron microscopy has demonstrated stabilization by Ch-S of the normal biconcave shape of the human RBC [270].…”

Section: The Role Of Bio-sulfates In Maintaining Cell Membrane Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Initial Common Pathway of Inflammation, Disease, and Sudden Death

Davidson¹,

Seneff²

2012

Entropy

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Abstract:In reviewing the literature pertaining to interfacial water, colloidal stability, and cell membrane function, we are led to propose that a cascade of events that begins with acute exogenous surfactant-induced interfacial water stress can explain the etiology of sudden death syndrome (SDS), as well as many other diseases associated with modern times. A systemic lowering of serum zeta potential mediated by exogenous cationic surfactant administration is the common underlying pathophysiology. The cascade leads to subsequent inflammation, serum sickness, thrombohemorrhagic phenomena, colloidal instability, and ultimately even death. We propose that a sufficient precondition for sudden death is lowered bioavailability of certain endogenous sterol sulfates, sulfated glycolipids, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans, which are essential in maintaining biological equipose, energy metabolism, membrane function, and thermodynamic stability in living organisms. Our literature review provides the basis for the presentation of a novel hypothesis as to the origin of endogenous bio-sulfates which involves energy transduction from sunlight. Our hypothesis is amply supported by a growing body of data showing that parenteral administration of substances that lower serum zeta potential results in kosmotropic cationic and/or chaotropic anionic interfacial water stress, and the resulting cascade.Keywords: inflammation; serum sickness; colloidal instability; interfacial water stress; bio-sulfates; Shwartzman phenomena; sudden death syndrome Glossary of TermsAnaphylaxis a severe, rapidly progressing, life-threatening, generalized allergic reaction. Biological equipoise a stable, non-equilibrium, dissipative system synonymous with life. Cholesterol sulfate (Ch-S)quantitatively the most important known sterol sulfate in human plasma where it regulates the activity of the serine proteases, in cell membranes where it has a stabilizing role, and in platelet membranes where it supports platelet adhesion. Coherence domain (CD)a water CD is a collection of liquid water molecules which oscillate in unison in tune with a self-trapped electromagnetic field at a well-defined frequency. The coherent oscillations produce an ensemble of quasi-free electrons, able to collect noise energy from the environment and transform it into high-grade coherent energy in the form of electron vortices. This high-grade energy may then activate biomolecules resonating with the water CD. Colloidal instabilitya property attributed to a colloidal suspension that develops when stabilizing repulsive steric and electrostatic forces between colliding particles are insufficient to prevent their natural tendency to aggregate into masses large enough to precipitate.Colloidal suspension a colloid that has a continuous liquid phase in which a solid is suspended in a liquid, e.g., our flowing blood. Exclusion zone (EZ)a glass-like, gel phase consisting of water CDs resonating in-phase, adjacent to hydrophilic surfaces, several hundred micrometers wide which excludes colloi...

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Section: The Role Of Bio-sulfates In Maintaining Cell Membrane Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Initial Common Pathway of Inflammation, Disease, and Sudden Death

Davidson¹,

Seneff²

2012

Entropy

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“…One patient with multiple sulfatase deficiency, in whom the activity of steroid sulfatase and other -sulfatases was diminished, had elevated plasma and tissue levels of cholesterol sulfate (13). Cholesterol sulfate can be bound tightly to membranes, at least those of erythrocytes (14). When infused, most of it appears to be taken up by the liver, spleen, and intestine (15), and much of a radioactive tracer dose is converted to free and esterified cholesterol (10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

X-Linked Ichthyosis: Increased Blood Cholesterol Sulfate and Electrophoretic Mobility of Low-Density Lipoprotein

Epstein¹,

Krauss²,

Shackleton³

1981

Science

124

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“…It is believed to act as a membrane stabilizer, have a role in capacitation in human sperm and as a marker of differentiation in a variety of cultured cell lines. There are many active enzyme systems for the metabolism of sodium cholesteryl sulfate, including the sterol sulfatases, that are difficult to saturate because of their redundancy [72]. Sodium cholesteryl sulfate appears to be a relatively non-toxic substance that can readily be tolerated at the dose levels that are administered during ABCD treatment.…”

Section: Safety Of Abcdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Separate safety studies have not been conducted with sodium cholesteryl sulfate alone, since it cannot be formulated separately from amphotericin B in an equivalent aqueous formulation that could be used in relevant toxicity studies. Sodium cholesteryl sulfate occurs naturally in mammalian tissues, body fluids and erythrocytes [71,72]. It is believed to act as a membrane stabilizer, have a role in capacitation in human sperm and as a marker of differentiation in a variety of cultured cell lines.…”

Section: Safety Of Abcdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amphotericin B Colloidal Dispersion

Working¹

1999

Chemotherapy

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Amphotericin B Colloidal Dispersion (ABCD, Amphocil^TM), a noncovalent complex of amphotericin B and cholesteryl sulfate, is active in vitro and in vivo against a wide variety of fungal species; its activity is broadly comparable to the range of activity of conventionally formulated amphotericin B (CAB). The pharmacokinetics of ABCD and CAB differ. ABCD is more rapidly removed from circulation than CAB, with more than 99% clearance one hour after administration, but has a much more prolonged terminal elimination phase. Preclinical safety studies have shown that ABCD is significantly better tolerated and less nephrotoxic than CAB. ABCD does cause renal tubular damage after high doses, but only at doses five- to eight-fold higher than those of CAB. Preclinical studies suggest that the efficacy, but not the toxicity of ABCD and CAB will be identical. ABCD may thus provide a safer therapeutic alternative to CAB.

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Cholesterol sulfate. II. Studies on its metabolism and possible function in canine blood

Cited by 33 publications

References 17 publications

The Initial Common Pathway of Inflammation, Disease, and Sudden Death

The Initial Common Pathway of Inflammation, Disease, and Sudden Death

X-Linked Ichthyosis: Increased Blood Cholesterol Sulfate and Electrophoretic Mobility of Low-Density Lipoprotein

Amphotericin B Colloidal Dispersion

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