Cholesterol regulates HERG K<sup>+</sup>channel activation by increasing phospholipase C β1 expression

Chun, Yoon S.; Oh, Hyun Geun; Park, Myoung Kyu; Cho, Hana; Chung, Sungkwon

doi:10.4161/chan.25122

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…We previously found that enriching membrane cholesterol decreased PIP 2 in cultured cells [14,16]. In order to test whether cholesterol augmentation in the brain affects levels of PIP 2 in vivo, 13-week-old Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were fed with either normal or high-cholesterol diets for 6 weeks [18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Pip 2 Levels Were Down-regulated In Rats On a High-cholestermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We demonstrated that augmenting membrane cholesterol levels regulated ion channels by decreasing PIP 2 [15], suggesting that a close relationship between plasma membrane-enriched lipids, cholesterol, and PIP 2 . The human ether-a-go-go related gene (HERG) K + channel, which is known to be modulated by PIP 2 , is inhibited by cholesterol enrichment via increased phospholipase C (PLCβ1) expression [16]. Consistent with this, we showed that increasing cholesterol levels in cultured cells increased PLCβ1 and PLCβ3 expression levels among PLC isoforms (β1, β2, β3, β4, γ1, and γ2) and increased PLCβ1 expression induced the decrease of PIP 2 levels [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Cholesterol Diet Decreases the Level of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate by Enhancing the Expression of Phospholipase C (PLCβ1) in Rat Brain

Chun

Chung

2020

IJMS

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Cholesterol is a critical component of eukaryotic membranes, where it contributes to regulating transmembrane signaling, cell–cell interaction, and ion transport. Dysregulation of cholesterol levels in the brain may induce neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson disease, and Huntington disease. We previously reported that augmenting membrane cholesterol level regulates ion channels by decreasing the level of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), which is closely related to β-amyloid (Aβ) production. In addition, cholesterol enrichment decreased PIP2 levels by increasing the expression of the β1 isoform of phospholipase C (PLC) in cultured cells. In this study, we examined the effect of a high-cholesterol diet on phospholipase C (PLCβ1) expression and PIP2 levels in rat brain. PIP2 levels were decreased in the cerebral cortex in rats on a high-cholesterol diet. Levels of PLCβ1 expression correlated with PIP2 levels. However, cholesterol and PIP2 levels were not correlated, suggesting that PIP2 level is regulated by cholesterol via PLCβ1 expression in the brain. Thus, there exists cross talk between cholesterol and PIP2 that could contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.

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Section: Pip 2 Levels Were Down-regulated In Rats On a High-cholestermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Cholesterol Diet Decreases the Level of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate by Enhancing the Expression of Phospholipase C (PLCβ1) in Rat Brain

Chun

Chung

2020

IJMS

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“…As mentioned earlier, layered silicates have been evaluated as cost effective, environmentally friendly additives for reducing flammability, and for improving physical properties of various polymers 74–83. The clay‐based nanocomposites are among the most examined owing to the relatively low price of clay minerals, their availability, and unique characteristics including their plate‐like morphology with a high aspect ratio.…”

Section: Photostabilization Of Flame‐retarded Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving weathering resistance of flame‐retarded polymers

Wilén

Pfaendner

2013

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Most flame-retarded polymer products need to be highly durable throughout their service lifetime in many demanding applications areas such as construction, transportation, electric equipment, and textiles, where low flammability in combination with high resistance toward oxidative deterioration triggered by the action of light, heat, and/or mechanical stress is a mandatory quality. To achieve this, it is essential to better understand the overall interplay (both physical and chemical processes) between different components such as different flame retardant structures in their respective polymers and in the presence of coadditives such as processing stabilizers, antioxidants, light stabilizers, metal deactivators, filler deactivators, ultraviolet absorbers, and so on, in the flame-retarded polymer product. In this article, the key difficulties in improving weathering resistance of flame-retarded polymers are reviewed.

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“…The incorporation of inorganic materials in polymer matrices has been an attractive path for improving mechanical, thermal, tribological, electrical, magnetic, optical, fire resistance, ultraviolet (UV) resistance, and permeability properties . Inorganic fluorides have a variety of interesting and useful applications, ranging from optics, UV systems, lenses, and biological labeling to pharmaceutical.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of a calcium fluoride filler and the effect on the nonisothermal crystallization behavior of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Sánchez-Leija

Riba-Moliner

Cayuela-Marín

et al. 2014

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Two different types of calcium fluoride particles (approximate to 325 nm), one of them surface modified using a long-chain organophosphorous reagent, were incorporated into a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) matrix. The CaF2 particles were synthesized by a simple chemical precipitation method. To modify the particles surface, a heat treatment using Cyanex((R)) 921 [tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO)] dissolved in isopropanol, was carried out. Therefore, unlike the as-synthesized particles, the modified particles contained an amount of TOPO. The composite materials were prepared by melt-blending PET and particles at different filler loadings. The influence of the particles surface modification on the nonisothermal crystallization behavior of PET was investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The Jeziorny-modified Avrami equation was applied to describe the crystallization kinetics and several parameters were analyzed (half-crystallization time, Avrami exponent, and rate constant). According to the results, the fluorite particles act as nucleating agents, accelerating the PET crystallization rate. However, the effect on the polymer crystallization rate was more noticeable with the addition of the nonmodified particles where the surface might play an important role for epitaxial crystallization, while the addition of the particles, with an organic coating layer on the surface, resulted in a crystallization behavior more similar to the observed for neat PET. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:2938-2946, 2014. (c) 2014 Society of Plastics EngineersPostprint (published version

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Cholesterol regulates HERG K⁺channel activation by increasing phospholipase C β1 expression

Cited by 11 publications

References 30 publications

High-Cholesterol Diet Decreases the Level of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate by Enhancing the Expression of Phospholipase C (PLCβ1) in Rat Brain

High-Cholesterol Diet Decreases the Level of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate by Enhancing the Expression of Phospholipase C (PLCβ1) in Rat Brain

Improving weathering resistance of flame‐retarded polymers

Surface modification of a calcium fluoride filler and the effect on the nonisothermal crystallization behavior of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

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Cholesterol regulates HERG K+channel activation by increasing phospholipase C β1 expression

Cited by 11 publications

References 30 publications

High-Cholesterol Diet Decreases the Level of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate by Enhancing the Expression of Phospholipase C (PLCβ1) in Rat Brain

High-Cholesterol Diet Decreases the Level of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate by Enhancing the Expression of Phospholipase C (PLCβ1) in Rat Brain

Improving weathering resistance of flame‐retarded polymers

Surface modification of a calcium fluoride filler and the effect on the nonisothermal crystallization behavior of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

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Product

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Cholesterol regulates HERG K⁺channel activation by increasing phospholipase C β1 expression