Cholesterol-lowering efficacy of a sitostanol-containing phytosterol mixture with a prudent diet in hyperlipidemic men

Jones, Peter J H; Ntanios, Fady; Raeini−Sarjaz, Mahmoud; Vanstone, Catherine A.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/69.6.1144

Cited by 223 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In agreement with previous studies [21,24,25,30,31], dietary supplementation of PS significantly decreased plasma T-C and non-LDL-C levels. The most significant finding in the current study is that BBRPS dramatically reduced plasma T-C and non-HDL-C.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These effects collectively lead to the inhibition of TAG synthesis and consequently the reduction of plasma TAG levels. A great body of evidence demonstrates that PS supplementation has no effect or tends to increase plasma TAG levels [21,24,25,[29][30][31][32][54][55][56][57]. When BBR was co-administered with PS, an additive effect of BBR and PS on plasma TAG was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was also expected that BBR and phytosterols would decrease plasma TAG levels when provided in combination. Because plant sterols, stanols, and their ester forms possess similar capacities to lower circulating cholesterol [23][24][25][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37], in the present study we have chosen the stanol form of phytosterols (PS) to determine the effect of combined treatment of BBR and PS on plasma cholesterol and TAG concentrations in rats fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. The safety/toxicity of BBR and PS was evaluated by hepatic biochemical parameters that are routinely used in basic toxicological research and the clinical diagnosis of drug/chemical-induced toxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-administration of berberine and plant stanols synergistically reduces plasma cholesterol in rats

Xiao-ming¹,

Chen

Zidichouski³

et al. 2008

Atherosclerosis

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The objective of the present study was to determine the beneficial effects and the safety of oral administration of the combination of berberine (BBR) and plant stanols (PS) on plasma lipid profiles in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Four groups of animals were fed a cornstarch-casein-sucrose-based high-cholesterol (2%, w:w) and high-fat (27.5%) diet. Three treatment groups were supplemented with either BBR (100 mg kg −1 body weight d −1 ), PS (1% in diet, w:w), or the combination of both (BBRPS). After 6 wk, animals were sacrificed and followed immediately with the collection of blood and organ samples. Lipid analysis revealed that PS lowered plasma total cholesterol (T-C) by 18% (p = 0.067) and non-HDL-cholesterol (non-HDL-C) by 29% (p = 0.013) as compared with the control, while BBR had no effect on both T-C and non-HDL-C. The combination treatment of BBRPS reduced plasma T-C by 41% (p = 0.0002) and non-HDL-C by 59% (p < 0.0001) compared to the control group. BBR reduced plasma TG levels by 31% at a marginal significance relative to the control (p = 0.054), whereas PS had no effect. BBRPS showed an additive effect of BBR and PS on plasma TAG. PS and BBRPS both decreased liver cholesterol (p = 0.0027 and 0.0002, respectively). BBR and PS, either alone or in combination, did not show any toxic effects as assessed by plasma concentration of hepatic biochemical parameters. These results demonstrate that BBR and PS, when combined, synergistically lower plasma cholesterol levels and significantly reduce liver cholesterol, without the observation of any toxic effects. Crown

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-administration of berberine and plant stanols synergistically reduces plasma cholesterol in rats

Xiao-ming¹,

Chen

Zidichouski³

et al. 2008

Atherosclerosis

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“…Although STAEST margarine also contained a small amount of plant sterols, their serum concentrations reduced signi®cantly when that margarine was consumed owing to the ability of the plant stanols to inhibit the absorption of plant sterols. All these ®ndings are in line with the ®ndings of earlier studies (Gylling et al, 1999a;Gylling & Miettinen 1999;Hallikainen et al, 2000;Jones et al, 1997Jones et al, ,1999Weststrate & Meijer, 1998). Besides the negligible absorption of plant stanols, the low serum concentrations could also result from fast and effective clearance of absorbed stanols (Salen et al, 1970).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Comparison of the effects of plant sterol ester and plant stanol ester-enriched margarines in lowering serum cholesterol concentrations in hypercholesterolaemic subjects on a low-fat diet

et al. 2000

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Objective: To investigate cholesterol-lowering effects of stanol ester (STAEST) and sterol ester (STEEST)-enriched margarines as part of a low-fat diet. Design: According to a Latin square model randomized double-blind repeated measures design with three test margarines and three periods. Setting: Outpatient clinical trial with free-living subjects. Subjects: Thirty-four hypercholesterolaemic subjects completed the study. Interventions: Subjects consumed three rapeseed oil-based test margarines (STAEST, STEEST and control (no added stanols or sterols)) as part of a low-fat diet each for 4 weeks. Results: Mean daily intake of total plant sterols plus stanols was 2.01 ± 2.04 g during the two test margarine periods. In reference to control, serum total cholesterol was reduced by 9.2 and 7.3% with the STAEST and STEEST margarine, respectively (P`0.001 for both). The respective reductions for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were 12.7 and 10.4% (P`0.001). The cholesterol-lowering effects of the test margarines did not differ signi®cantly. The presence of apolipoprotein E4 allele had a signi®cant effect on LDL cholesterol response during the STAEST margarine only. Serum sitosterol and campesterol increased by 0.83 and 2.77 mgal with the STEEST (P`0.001), respectively and decreased by 1.18 and 2.60 mgal with the STAEST margarine (P`0.001). Increases of serum sitostanol and campestanol were 0.11 and 0.19 mgal with the STAEST margarine (P`0.001), repsectively. No signi®cant changes were found in serum fat-soluble vitamin and carotenoid concentrations when related to serum total cholesterol. Conclusions: STAEST and STEEST margarines reduced signi®cantly and equally serum total and LDL cholesterol concentrations as part of a low-fat diet.

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“…Phytosterols enriched foods have been shown to reduce dietary cholesterol absorption, and hence plasma total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations (Jones et al, 1999(Jones et al, , 2000. Phytosterols generally require fat vehicles for their solubilization due to their low water solubility and very slow rate of dissolution in physiological bile salt (Armstrong & Carey, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytosterols in nonfat and low-fat beverages have no impact on the LDL size phenotype

et al. 2005

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Objective: To examine the impact of nonfat and low-fat phytosterol-enriched beverages on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) electrophoretic characteristics. Design: Double-blind, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled dietary trial. Setting: Diets were prepared and consumed at the Mary Emily Clinical Nutrition Research Unit of McGill University. Analyses were performed at the Institute on Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods of Laval University. Subjects and intervention: In total, 15 moderately hypercholesterolemic persons consumed each of three experimental diets that each comprised a different beverage: nonfat placebo (NF control), nonfat with phytosterols (NFPS) or low-fat with phytosterols (LFPS). Participants consumed three beverages daily at meal time for a total of 1.8 g of phytosterols per day. Nondenaturing 2-16% polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoreses were used to characterize LDL size characteristics. Results: The NFPS and LFPS beverage induced no significant changes in several features of the LDL size phenotype compared to the control diet. Conclusion: The consumption of phytosterol-supplemented nonfat and low-fat beverages is not associated with clinically meaningful changes in the LDL particle size phenotype.

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Cholesterol-lowering efficacy of a sitostanol-containing phytosterol mixture with a prudent diet in hyperlipidemic men

Abstract: Addition of blended phytosterols to a prudent North American diet improved plasma LDL-cholesterol concentrations by mechanisms that did not result in significant changes in endogenous cholesterol synthesis in hypercholesterolemic men.

Cited by 223 publications

References 42 publications

Co-administration of berberine and plant stanols synergistically reduces plasma cholesterol in rats

Co-administration of berberine and plant stanols synergistically reduces plasma cholesterol in rats

Comparison of the effects of plant sterol ester and plant stanol ester-enriched margarines in lowering serum cholesterol concentrations in hypercholesterolaemic subjects on a low-fat diet

Phytosterols in nonfat and low-fat beverages have no impact on the LDL size phenotype

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