Cholesterol-lowering effect of dietary Lupinus angustifolius proteins in adult rats through regulation of genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis

Parolini, Cinzia; Rigamonti, Elena; Marchesi, Matteo; Busnelli, M.; Cinquanta, Paola; Manzini, Stefano; Sirtori, Cesare R.; Chiesa, Giulia

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.12.004

Cited by 31 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…[34]. Lupin protein seems to affect the expression of hepatic genes involved in lipid metabolism as previously shown in hypercholesterolemic rats [35,36] and, further, to alter the activity of LDL receptor as shown in a human hepatoma cell line [29]. Supporting these results, Weisse et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Lupin protein positively affects plasma LDL cholesterol and LDL:HDL cholesterol ratio in hypercholesterolemic adults after four weeks of supplementation: a randomized, controlled crossover study

Bähr

Fechner

Kramer

et al. 2013

Nutr J

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BackgroundA couple of studies indicate a favorable impact of lupin protein on cardiovascular risk factors in humans. These studies, however, used relatively high doses of > 33 g/d, which can hardly be consumed under physiological conditions. Therefore, we investigated the effect of 25 g/d lupin protein isolate (LPI) on selected cardiovascular markers and on serum amino acids.MethodsA total of 33 hypercholesterolemic subjects participated in a randomized, controlled, double-blind crossover study. LPI and the active comparator milk protein isolate (MPI) were incorporated in protein drinks and consumed over 8 wk separated by a 4 wk washout period. Anthropometric data, blood pressure, and nutrient intake were assessed at baseline and after 8 wk of both protein interventions. Blood was sampled at baseline, wk 4 and wk 8. All 33 subjects were included in final statistical analyses using repeated measures ANOVA with the general linear model or using linear mixed model.ResultsExcept for higher HDL cholesterol at wk 4 of LPI (P ≤ 0.036), anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and plasma lipids did not differ among LPI and MPI intervention. Compared to baseline, the primary outcome LDL cholesterol was significantly reduced after 4 wk of both interventions (P ≤ 0.008), while LDL:HDL cholesterol ratio was decreased only by LPI (P = 0.003). These time effects were restricted to subjects with higher hypercholesterolemia and disappeared after 8 wk. Blood pressure was reduced after 8 wk of LPI (P ≤ 0.044). Almost all serum amino acids were higher at wk 4 but not at wk 8 of MPI compared to LPI. Following 4 wk and 8 wk of LPI intervention, most amino acids remained unchanged. Both interventions caused a slight, but significant rise in body weight and body fat after 8 wk (P ≤ 0.045).ConclusionIn conclusion, 25 g LPI can beneficially modulate plasma LDL cholesterol at least over short-term. Using appropriate dietetic conditions that improve consumer compliance and avoid changes in energy intake as well as in body composition, lupin protein could positively impact cardiovascular risk factors particularly in individuals with higher hypercholesterolemia.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01304992

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Lupin protein positively affects plasma LDL cholesterol and LDL:HDL cholesterol ratio in hypercholesterolemic adults after four weeks of supplementation: a randomized, controlled crossover study

Bähr

Fechner

Kramer

et al. 2013

Nutr J

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“…Finally, another study on rats showed that a diet containing 20% NL-LUP markedly lowered total cholesterol (-55.3%) and LDL-cholesterol levels (-61.2%) compared to casein, whereas no significant differences were observed for TAG and HDL-C levels (Parolini, Rigamonti, Marchesi, Busnelli, Cinquanta, Manzini, et al, 2012). This study included also some molecular investigations: in particular, the treatment produced significantly higher hepatic mRNA level of SREBP-2, the major transcriptional regulator of intracellular cholesterol levels, and of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) level, the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid biosynthesis (Parolini, et al, 2012).…”

Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This study included also some molecular investigations: in particular, the treatment produced significantly higher hepatic mRNA level of SREBP-2, the major transcriptional regulator of intracellular cholesterol levels, and of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) level, the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid biosynthesis (Parolini, et al, 2012).…”

Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The health benefits of sweet lupin seed flours and isolated proteins

Arnoldi

Boschin

Zanoni

2015

Journal of Functional Foods

114

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Abstract.The interest for lupin is continuously growing: one driving force are the numerous studies showing it provides useful health benefits. This review discusses available literature in the area of dyslipidaemia, diabetes, and hypertension prevention, providing hints on the mechanism of action.The addition of lupin protein to the diet of different models of hypercholesterolaemia, such as rat, rabbit, hamster and pig, induce decreases of total and non-HDL cholesterol. The clinical investigations on the cholesterol lowering activity provided controversial results. Those involving hypercholesterolaemic subjects and based on improved lupin foods gave statistically significant total and/or LDL-cholesterol reductions: both protein and fibre are relevant. The moderate hypotensive activity observed in some studies is probably linked to digestion-released ACE-inhibitory peptides.The hypoglycaemic activity, observed in post-prandial studies, is due to gamma-conglutin, a specific protein fraction. All this information suggests that lupin seeds may become a source of ingredients of innovative functional foods.Abbreviations: ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; Akt, protein kinase B; DBP; diastolic blood pressure; GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; HDL-C, high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol;HMGCoA, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A; LDL-C, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol; NL-LUP, narrow-leaf lupin protein isolate; NPS, non-starch polysaccharides; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SCAP, SREBP-cleavage activating protein; SREBP, sterol regulatory element binding protein; TAG, triacylglycerides; TOC, tocopherol; W-LUP, white lupin protein isolate.

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“…In a second study (Parolini et al, 2012), the treatment with NL-LUP markedly lowered plasma total cholesterol level compared to casein (-55.3%, p < 0.0005), whereas no significant differences were observed for TAG and HDL-C levels between the two groups. The lupin-fed rats also displayed higher hepatic mRNA levels of SREBP-2, a major transcriptional regulator of intracellular cholesterol levels, and CYP7A1, the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid biosynthesis (p < 0.05).…”

Section: Lupinmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Another study, however, observed lower hepatic mRNA concentrations of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis, and a parallel up-regulation of genes involved in TAG hydrolysis (Bettzieche et al, 2008b). A third study showed that the lupin-fed rats displayed significantly higher hepatic mRNA levels of SREBP-2, the major transcriptional regulator of intracellular cholesterol levels, and CYP7A1, the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid biosynthesis (Parolini et al, 2012).…”

Section: Lupinmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Role of Grain Legumes in the Prevention of Hypercholesterolemia and Hypertension

Arnoldi

Zanoni

Lammi

2014

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences

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Cholesterol-lowering effect of dietary Lupinus angustifolius proteins in adult rats through regulation of genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis

Cited by 31 publications

References 27 publications

Lupin protein positively affects plasma LDL cholesterol and LDL:HDL cholesterol ratio in hypercholesterolemic adults after four weeks of supplementation: a randomized, controlled crossover study

Lupin protein positively affects plasma LDL cholesterol and LDL:HDL cholesterol ratio in hypercholesterolemic adults after four weeks of supplementation: a randomized, controlled crossover study

The health benefits of sweet lupin seed flours and isolated proteins

The Role of Grain Legumes in the Prevention of Hypercholesterolemia and Hypertension

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