Abstract:bIntranasal vaccination stimulates formation of cyclooxygenases (COX) and release of prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) by lung cells, including alveolar macrophages. PGE 2 plays complex pro-or anti-inflammatory roles in facilitating mucosal immune responses, but the relative contributions of COX-1 and COX-2 remain unclear. Previously, we found that Mycobacterium bovis BCG, a human tuberculosis vaccine, stimulated increased release of PGE 2 by macrophages activated in vitro; in contrast, intranasal BCG activated no PG… Show more
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