Chloroquine as Chemoprophylaxis for COVID-19: Will This Work

Elkadeem, Mahmoud; Glal, Khadija A.M.

doi:10.2174/1871526520666200726224802

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…There is a debate in the literature regarding the efficacy of CQ and HCQ in the treatment of COVID-19 infection [9][10][11][12]. Adding azithromycin to CQ and HCQ was reported to reduce the complications and fatality rates, and reduce the viral load in COVID-19 patients [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. These reports resulted in emerged ideas calling for combining CQ and HCQ with other drugs in the treatment of COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Do Zinc Supplements Enhance the Clinical Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine?: a Randomized, Multicenter Trial

Abd-Elsalam

Soliman

Esmail

et al. 2020

Biol Trace Elem Res

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No specific treatment for COVID-19 infection is available up till now, and there is a great urge for effective treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality during this pandemic. We aimed to evaluate the effect of combining chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine (CQ/HCQ) and zinc in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. This was a randomized clinical trial conducted at three major University hospitals in Egypt. One hundred ninety-one patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 infection were randomized into two groups: group I (96) patients received both HCQ and zinc, and group II (95) received HCQ only. The primary endpoints were the recovery within 28 days, the need for mechanical ventilation, and death. The two groups were matched for age and gender. They had no significant difference regarding any of the baseline laboratory parameters or clinical severity grading. Clinical recovery after 28 days was achieved by 79.2% in the zinc group and 77.9% in zinc-free treatment group, without any significant difference (p = 0.969). The need for mechanical ventilation and the overall mortality rates did not show any significant difference between the 2 groups either (p = 0.537 and 0.986, respectively). The age of the patient and the need for mechanical ventilation were the only risk factors associated with the patients' mortality by the univariate regression analysis (p = 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively). Zinc supplements did not enhance the clinical efficacy of HCQ. More randomized studies are needed to evaluate the value of adding zinc to other therapies for COVID 19. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04447534

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zinc is essential for different cellular and enzymatic activities, as well as being a necessary cofactor for many viral proteins [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Zinc was also proved to inhibit RNAdependent RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV in cell culture [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Do Zinc Supplements Enhance the Clinical Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine?: a Randomized, Multicenter Trial

Abd-Elsalam

Soliman

Esmail

et al. 2020

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…Moreover, HCQ was not effective as postexposure prophylaxis against COVID-19 when administered within 4 days after exposure. [25][26][27][28][29] Limitations of the study include small sample size which was not adequately powered for survival endpoint. The number of the included patients was limited because in Egypt, tertiary care hospitals were assigned lately to deal with COVID-19 patients and had many regulations by the Egyptian MOH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxychloroquine in the Treatment of COVID-19: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Study

Abd-Elsalam

Esmail

Khalaf

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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121

127

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The COVID-19 pandemic is showing an exponential growth, mandating an urgent need to develop an effective treatment. Indeed, to date, a well-established therapy is still lacking. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) added to standard care in patients with COVID-19. This was a multicenter, randomized controlled trial conducted at three major university hospitals in Egypt. One hundred ninety-four patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were included in the study after signing informed consent. They were equally randomized into two arms: 97 patients administrated HCQ plus standard care (HCQ group) and 97 patients administered only standard care as a control arm (control group). The primary endpoints were recovery within 28 days, need for mechanical ventilation, or death. The two groups were matched for age and gender. There was no significant difference between them regarding any of the baseline characteristics or laboratory parameters. Four patients (4.1%) in the HCQ group and 5 (5.2%) patients in the control group needed mechanical ventilation (P = 0.75). The overall mortality did not differ between the two groups, as six patients (6.2%) died in the HCQ group and 5 (5.2%) died in the control group (P = 0.77). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that HCQ treatment was not significantly associated with decreased mortality in COVID-19 patients. So, adding HCQ to standard care did not add significant benefit, did not decrease the need for ventilation, and did not reduce mortality rates in COVID-19 patients.

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“…In the case of the COVID-19 pandemic, as vaccine development and rollout take months, different drugs are being repurposed in order to help alleviate symptoms and prevent deaths. The efficacy of these drugs in achieving favorable outcomes in patients with COVID-19 is still being studied (12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Repurposing In the Pharmaceutical Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reimagining Innovation Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights From the WISH Innovation Programme

Akoum

Achi

2021

Front. Public Health

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The World Innovation Summit for Health (WISH) hosts two innovation competitions as part of its biennial healthcare conference. During the COVID-19 pandemic, WISH received more than 350 applications for both competitions, of which 31 were shortlisted to showcase at the WISH 2020 virtual summit. Of the 31 showcasing innovations, 11 (35.5%) had suggested an alternative use to their innovation as a contribution to the global fight against COVID-19. As such, this article explores the apparent and urgent need for the repurposing of healthcare innovations to reduce the costs and time associated with the conventional approach, in order to best respond to the demands of the global pandemic.

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Chloroquine as Chemoprophylaxis for COVID-19: Will This Work

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Do Zinc Supplements Enhance the Clinical Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine?: a Randomized, Multicenter Trial

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Do Zinc Supplements Enhance the Clinical Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine?: a Randomized, Multicenter Trial

Hydroxychloroquine in the Treatment of COVID-19: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Study

Reimagining Innovation Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights From the WISH Innovation Programme

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