Chloroquine and pyrimethamine inhibit the replication of human respiratory syncytial virus A

Rahman, Fryad; Libre, Camille; Oleinikov, Andrew V.; Tcherniuk, Sergey

doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001627

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…Similar to previous reports (Khatun et al, 2015;Tian and Meng, 2016), ribavirin and 5-Fluorouracil inhibited the infection of reporter virus with the IC50 doses at 94.58 and 220.1 μM (Figures 4D-E), respectively. Chloroquine, an anti-malaria drug, was identified as a broadspectrum antiviral drug against many RNA viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2 (Liu et al, 2020), human respiratory syncytial virus (Rahman et al, 2021), and hantavirus (Vergote et al, 2021). We also observed the inhibitory effect of chloroquine against PRRSV.…”

Section: Antiviral Assay Against Prrsv Using Rta-gluc2 Reporter Virussupporting

confidence: 66%

A Recombinant Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Stably Expressing a Gaussia Luciferase for Antiviral Drug Screening Assay and Luciferase-Based Neutralization Assay

Ren

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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The reverse genetics system is a valuable tool in the virological study of RNA viruses. With the availability of reverse genetics, the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has been utilized as a viral vector for the expression of foreign genes of interest. Here, we constructed a full-length cDNA clone of a highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) TA-12 strain. Using this cDNA clone, we generated a reporter virus expressing a gaussia luciferase (Gluc) via an additional subgenomic RNA between ORF7 and 3′UTR. This reporter virus exhibited similar growth kinetics to the wild-type (WT) virus and remained genetically stable for at least ten passages in MARC-145 cells. In cells infected with this reporter virus, the correlation between the expression levels of Gluc in culture media and the virus titers suggested that Gluc is a good indicator of the reporter virus infection. With this reporter virus, we further established the Gluc readout-based assays for antiviral drug screening and serum neutralizing antibody detection that exhibited comparable performance to the classical assays. Taken together, we established a reverse genetics system of HP-PRRSV and generated a novel reporter virus that could serve as a valuable tool for antiviral drug screening and serum neutralizing antibody detection.

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Section: Antiviral Assay Against Prrsv Using Rta-gluc2 Reporter Virussupporting

confidence: 66%

A Recombinant Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Stably Expressing a Gaussia Luciferase for Antiviral Drug Screening Assay and Luciferase-Based Neutralization Assay

Ren

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Mice were kept in cages inside stainless steel isolation cabinets for infection tests, and the air was filtered with highefficiency particle air ventilation. At day 0, mice were given a ketamine and xylazine mixture (43 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, respectively) to make them unconscious before being given 20 µl of a PBS solution containing the A/PR/8/34 virus intranasally, as previously described (Rahman, et al, 2021). Infection was performed with either 500 or 750 Plaque-Forming Units (PFU).…”

Section: J In Vivo Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Role of Megakaryocytes and Platelets during Influenza A Virus Infection

Rahman

2023

ARO

Self Cite

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Influenza viruses pose a serious threat to public health, with severe cases often characterized by lung damage and inflammation. However, the underlying mechanisms of these processes remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the essential role of megakaryocytes (MKs) and platelets (PLTs) in influenza A virus (IAV) infections. Conducted at the Department of Rare Respiratory Diseases, Cystic Fibrosis, and Pulmonology, Nord University Hospital, Marseille, France, the study collected seventy blood samples between October 2018 and March 2019. Samples were obtained from healthy individuals and patients diagnosed with IAV. Messenger RNA was extracted from isolated PLTs and subjected to quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction using sets of primers targeting immune marker genes. Western blot analysis was also performed for confirmation, focusing on Fas Ligand (FasL). Results showed that PLTs from IAV-infected individuals expressed the FasL, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, and Granulysin (GNLY) receptors when activated. Furthermore, an in vitro assay revealed the presence of FasL receptors on infected CMK cell lines. In vivo investigations demonstrated that activated MKs and PLTs in mice also expressed FasL. Interestingly, none of the immune receptors under investigation were found in both MKs and PLTs in mouse model studies. In conclusion, MKs and PLTs play a significant role in influencing immune responses that may help prevent viral spread during infection. However, further examination of their mechanisms of action is warranted. Understanding the involvement of these cells in influenza pathogenesis could offer valuable insights for developing potential therapeutic strategies.

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“…It has been shown that the administration of chloroquine, a typical inhibitor of autophagy, in a mouse model led to the inhibition of human Respiratory Syncytial Virus A (long strain) replication [ 103 ], which makes chloroquine a potential drug for the therapeutic treatment of RSV infection. RSV infection is involved in the subsequent development of clinical manifestations such as asthma [ 104 ].…”

Section: Autophagy In Lung Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multifaceted Roles of Autophagy in Infectious, Obstructive, and Malignant Airway Diseases

et al. 2022

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Autophagy is a highly conserved dynamic process by which cells deliver their contents to lysosomes for degradation, thus ensuring cell homeostasis. In response to environmental stress, the induction of autophagy is crucial for cell survival. The dysregulation of this degradative process has been implicated in a wide range of pathologies, including lung diseases, representing a relevant potential target with significant clinical outcomes. During lung disease progression and infections, autophagy may exert both protective and harmful effects on cells. In this review, we will explore the implications of autophagy and its selective forms in several lung infections, such as SARS-CoV-2, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infections, and different lung diseases such as Cystic Fibrosis (CF), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and Malignant Mesothelioma (MM).

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Chloroquine and pyrimethamine inhibit the replication of human respiratory syncytial virus A

Cited by 3 publications

References 78 publications

A Recombinant Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Stably Expressing a Gaussia Luciferase for Antiviral Drug Screening Assay and Luciferase-Based Neutralization Assay

A Recombinant Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Stably Expressing a Gaussia Luciferase for Antiviral Drug Screening Assay and Luciferase-Based Neutralization Assay

Immunological Role of Megakaryocytes and Platelets during Influenza A Virus Infection

The Multifaceted Roles of Autophagy in Infectious, Obstructive, and Malignant Airway Diseases

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