Chloroplasts of Monoploid and Diploid Oenothera Hookeri

Abstract

Comparison of leaves from diploid Oenothera hookeri plants with leaves of their monoploid derivatives revealed the following differences: the leaves of the diploids are almost twice as thick as those of the monoploids; the diploids have only one‐fifth as many cells per unit leaf area as do the monoploids; leaf tissue of the diploids has an average of 36.3 chloroplasts per cell compared with 27.4 for the monoploids; chloroplasts of the diploids average 4.68 μm in length, those of the monoploids, 3.74 μm; chloroplasts from the diploids contain about seven times more chlorophyll than those of the monoploids and have an average of seven thylakoids per granum compared with an average of only three for the monoploids; the average chlorophyll a/b ratio for the diploid chloroplasts is 2.98 compared with 3.48 for the monoploids.

Anther culture for haploid and doubled haploid production

“…Ploidy level can be more easily assessed by flow cytometry analysis (Bohanec 2003). Ploidy level can also be estimated by indirect methods, such as those based on chloroplast counts in stomatal guard cells and plastid dimensions (Lee and Hecht 1975;Qin and Rotino 1995;Yuan et al 2009). …”

Kultur Anther dalam Produksi Tanaman Haploid: Review

“…Tingkat ploidi dapat lebih mudah dinilai dengan analisis aliran sitometri. Tingkat ploidi juga dapat diperkirakan dengan metode tidak langsung, misalnya berdasarkan jumlah kloroplas dalam sel penjaga stomata dan dimensi plastida (Lee & Hecht, 1975;Qin & Rotino, 1995;Yuan et al, 2009) Selain haploid dan double haploid, keturunan non-haploid yaitu trihaploid, tetraploid, pentaploid, dan heksaploid juga memiliki peluang untuk diregenerasikan (Dunwell, 2010). Nonhaploid muncul karena (1) jaringan somatik dinding anthera, (2) fusi inti, (3) endomitosis dalam butiran serbuk sari, (4) mikrospora tidak teratur yang dibentuk oleh ketidakteraturan meiosis.…”

Growing evening primroses (Oenothera)

“…For non-permanent translocation heterozygotes, haploid lines are reported with a spontaneous frequency of 0.1 – 0.2% (Davis and Kulkarni, 1930; Harte, 1973). Additionally they can be induced by X-ray treatment (Linnert, 1950; Harte, 1972), or by performing wide interspecific crosses (e.g., Gates, 1929; Steiner, 1952; Schwemmle and Simson, 1956; Lee and Hecht, 1975; Harte, 1994; and references therein). Haploid material can be converted to double-haploid lines by colchicination (e.g., Oehlkers, 1940; Linnert, 1950; Lee and Hecht, 1975).…”