Chloroplast superoxide and hydrogen peroxide scavenging systems from pea leaves: Seasonal variations

Gillham, David J.; Dodge, A. D.

doi:10.1016/0168-9452(87)90145-2

Cited by 116 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, there are a number of environmental stress factors that, similar to Mg deficiency, strongly modify defense mechanisms of plant cells against toxic 02 species. In agreement with our results, high light intensity (15), especially in combination with chilling treatment (30), increases the levels of ascorbate and activities of SOD and AsA peroxidase. Increased capacity for the detoxification of toxic 02 species was also shown to increase tolerance or resistance of plants to related stress factors such as Plant Physiol.…”

Section: Activities Ofo2-and H202scavenging Enzymessupporting

confidence: 81%

Magnesium Deficiency and High Light Intensity Enhance Activities of Superoxide Dismutase, Ascorbate Peroxidase, and Glutathione Reductase in Bean Leaves

Çakmak

Marschner²

1992

Plant Physiol.

1,537

719

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The influence of varied Mg supply (10-1000 micromolar) and light intensity (100-580 microeinsteins per square meter per second) on the concentrations of ascorbate (AsA) and nonprotein SH-compounds and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.11) and the H202 scavenging enzymes, AsA peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7), dehydroascorbate reductase (EC 1.8.5.1), and glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2) were studied in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) leaves over a 13-day period. The concentrations of AsA and SH-compounds and the activities of SOD and H202 scavenging enzymes increased with light intensity, in particular in Mg-deficient leaves. Over the 12-day period of growth for a given light intensity, the concentrations of AsA and SH-compounds and the activities of these enzymes remained more or less constant in Mg-sufficient leaves. In contrast, in Mg-deficient leaves, a progressive increase was recorded, particularly in concentrations of AsA and activities of AsA peroxidase and glutathione reductase, whereas the activities of guaiacol peroxidase and catalase were only slightly enhanced. Partial shading of Mgdeficient leaf blades for 4 days prevented chlorosis, and the activities of the°2-and H202 scavenging enzymes remained at a low level. The results demonstrate the role of both light intensity and Mg nutritional status on the regulation of 02-and H202 scavenging enzymes in chloroplasts.Photoreduction of molecular 02 in chloroplasts is unavoidable and leads to the production of superoxide anion radicals (02 -) and H202 (1, 29). In nonstressed chloroplasts, photoreduction of 02 is estimated to be between 5 and 27% of the total electron flow (2, 3). Superoxide anion radicals, H202, and their derivatives hydroxyl radicals (OH,) and singlet oxygen ('02) are highly toxic, resulting in destructive effects on the functional and structural integrity of chloroplasts (8,17). As protection against these toxic 02 species, chloroplasts are equipped with several antioxidants and defense enzymes.SOD,2 mostly localized in chloroplasts in leaves (19)

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Section: Activities Ofo2-and H202scavenging Enzymessupporting

confidence: 81%

Magnesium Deficiency and High Light Intensity Enhance Activities of Superoxide Dismutase, Ascorbate Peroxidase, and Glutathione Reductase in Bean Leaves

Çakmak

Marschner²

1992

Plant Physiol.

1,537

719

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“…Nevertheless, in the present study, both damage basal values and SOD activities remain unchanged during natural lightinduced hyperoxia (results not shown). This suggests a host adaptation to symbiont photosynthesis, possibly involving a constitutive expression of several SOD activity bands, as is the case for plants (Gillham and Dodge, 1987). During daytime, however, symbiotic sea anemones have higher basal MDA and carbonyl concentrations than do the non-symbiotic organisms.…”

Section: Symbiotic Adaptation To the Hyperoxic Statementioning

confidence: 93%

Symbiosis-induced adaptation to oxidative stress

Richier

Furla

Plantivaux

et al. 2005

Journal of Experimental Biology

176

144

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Cnidarians in symbiosis with photosynthetic protists must withstand daily hyperoxic/anoxic transitions within their host cells. Comparative studies between symbiotic (Anemonia viridis) and non-symbiotic (Actinia schmidti) sea anemones show striking differences in their response to oxidative stress. First, the basal expression of SOD is very different. Symbiotic animal cells have a higher isoform diversity (number and classes) and a higher activity than the non-symbiotic cells. Second, the symbiotic animal cells of A. viridis also maintain unaltered basal values for cellular damage when exposed to experimental hyperoxia (100%·O 2 ) or to experimental thermal stress (elevated temperature +7°C above ambient). Under such conditions, A. schmidti modifies its SOD activity significantly. Electrophoretic patterns diversify, global activities diminish and cell damage biomarkers increase. These data suggest symbiotic cells adapt to stress while non-symbiotic cells remain acutely sensitive. In addition to being toxic, high O 2 partial pressure (P O ∑) may also constitute a preconditioning step for symbiotic animal cells, leading to an adaptation to the hyperoxic condition and, thus, to oxidative stress. Furthermore, in aposymbiotic animal cells of A. viridis, repression of some animal SOD isoforms is observed. Meanwhile, in cultured symbionts, new activity bands are induced, suggesting that the host might protect its zooxanthellae in hospite. Similar results have been observed in other symbiotic organisms, such as the sea anemone Aiptasia pulchella and the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata. Molecular or physical interactions between the two symbiotic partners may explain such variations in SOD activity and might confer oxidative stress tolerance to the animal host.

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“…6 Plants have a high capacity for conversion of light energy to chemical energy under favorable conditions by photosynthesis. The excess light energy results in the generation of active oxygen species 7 . In addition, when plant are exposed to environmental stress, such as high concentration of salt, the imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the activity of scavenging system occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Harinasut¹,

Srisunak²,

Pitukchaisopol³

et al. 2000

ScienceAsia

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Multiple shoots of mulberry (Morus alba cv Khonpai), a NaCl-tolerant cultivar, were grown on MS media without or with NaCl. On medium with increasing NaCl concentration up to 150 mM, the shoots exhibited slightly reduction in growth. On the other hand, when the concentration of NaCl increased to 200 mM, the growth was completely inhibited and the necrosis of leaves tissue was observed. The relative water content was significantly decreased in leaves treated with NaCl concentration of 150 and 200 mM compared to that in leaves without NaCl treatment. The total chlorophyll content was significantly lower in leaves of salt treated multiple shoots than in leaves of control multiple shoots. Comparing shoots grown on media without to with 150 mM NaCl, the proline content in leaves was increased to approximately 11-fold and the ascorbate peroxidase activity in leaves was increased to approximately 91%.

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Chloroplast superoxide and hydrogen peroxide scavenging systems from pea leaves: Seasonal variations

Cited by 116 publications

References 19 publications

Magnesium Deficiency and High Light Intensity Enhance Activities of Superoxide Dismutase, Ascorbate Peroxidase, and Glutathione Reductase in Bean Leaves

Magnesium Deficiency and High Light Intensity Enhance Activities of Superoxide Dismutase, Ascorbate Peroxidase, and Glutathione Reductase in Bean Leaves

Symbiosis-induced adaptation to oxidative stress

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