Chlorophylls, Chlorophyll-Related Molecules, and Open-Chain Tetrapyrroles

Nollet, Leo M.L.

doi:10.1201/b11653-39

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, there is a need for information on the effects of processes on tetrapyrrole bioaccessibility and bioavailability. For instance, conservation industrial processes such as freezing and canning along with cooking have a positive effect on Chl bioavailability [54,55], making the pigment’s quantity after processing exceeding 100% of the value measured before processing (e.g., [56,57]). Non-natural Chls, such as Cu-Chls, Cu-pheophorbide, Cu-pheophytin, or Chlins, are digested similarly to natural Chl molecules, that is, the phytol chain is cleaved but the Cu ion is not leached from the porphyrin ring because the chelate is much more stable.…”

Section: Bioactivity Of Pigments and Lipids From Plastids Of Marinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Priyadarsini et al [70]) reported that Chlin alterates the expression of genes coding for proteins involved in the transformation of normal to malignant phenotype of buccal pouch cells. However, Nelson [89] reported that commercially available Chlin can have a tumor promoting effect and at present the Chlin content in food is regulated [55]. …”

Section: Bioactivity Of Pigments and Lipids From Plastids Of Marinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plastids of Marine Phytoplankton Produce Bioactive Pigments and Lipids

et al. 2013

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Phytoplankton is acknowledged to be a very diverse source of bioactive molecules. These compounds play physiological roles that allow cells to deal with changes of the environmental constrains. For example, the diversity of light harvesting pigments allows efficient photosynthesis at different depths in the seawater column. Identically, lipid composition of cell membranes can vary according to environmental factors. This, together with the heterogenous evolutionary origin of taxa, makes the chemical diversity of phytoplankton compounds much larger than in terrestrial plants. This contribution is dedicated to pigments and lipids synthesized within or from plastids/photosynthetic membranes. It starts with a short review of cyanobacteria and microalgae phylogeny. Then the bioactivity of pigments and lipids (anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, anti-cancer, anti-obesity, anti-allergic activities, and cardio- neuro-, hepato- and photoprotective effects), alone or in combination, is detailed. To increase the cellular production of bioactive compounds, specific culture conditions may be applied (e.g., high light intensity, nitrogen starvation). Regardless of the progress made in blue biotechnologies, the production of bioactive compounds is still limited. However, some examples of large scale production are given, and perspectives are suggested in the final section.

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Section: Bioactivity Of Pigments and Lipids From Plastids Of Marinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bioactivity Of Pigments and Lipids From Plastids Of Marinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastids of Marine Phytoplankton Produce Bioactive Pigments and Lipids

et al. 2013

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Light‐Activated Biomedical Applications of Chlorophyll Derivatives

Pucci

Martinelli

Degl’Innocenti

et al. 2021

Macromolecular Bioscience

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Tetrapyrroles are the basis of essential physiological functions in most living organisms. These compounds represent the basic scaffold of porphyrins, chlorophylls, and bacteriochlorophylls, among others. Chlorophyll derivatives, obtained by the natural or artificial degradation of chlorophylls, present unique properties, holding great potential in the scientific and medical fields. Indeed, they can act as cancer‐preventing agents, antimutagens, apoptosis inducers, efficient antioxidants, as well as antimicrobial and immunomodulatory molecules. Moreover, thanks to their peculiar optical properties, they can be exploited as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy and as vision enhancers. Most of these molecules, however, are highly hydrophobic and poorly soluble in biological fluids, and may display undesired toxicity due to accumulation in healthy tissues. The advent of nanomedicine has prompted the development of nanoparticles acting as carriers for chlorophyll derivatives, facilitating their targeted administration with demonstrated applicability in diagnosis and therapy. In this review, the chemical and physical properties of chlorophyll derivatives that justify their usage in the biomedical field, with particular regard to light‐activated dynamics are described. Their role as antioxidants and photoactive agents are discussed, introducing the most recent nanomedical applications and focusing on inorganic and organic nanocarriers exploited in vitro and in vivo.

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