Chlorophyll.

Fischer, Hans.

doi:10.1021/cr60065a002

Cited by 42 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Interestingly, a high reactivity was observed for 2 d as compared to that of 2 a: the condensation can be performed at room temperature, and the desired pyrrolyldipyrromethenes 1 i-k were obtained in 72-79 % yields upon isolation. [22] In our case, the acid-catalyzed condensation of 5-halo-2-formylpyrroles (or isoindoles) with an a-unsubstituted pyrrole generated the 9-halodipyrromethene A in salt form (Scheme 2). The acid-catalyzed condensation of a 2-formylpyrrole with an a-unsubstituted pyrrole is known to form dipyrromethenes in a salt form [21] before subsequent workup with base.…”

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confidence: 79%

“…Since their initial synthesis, by Hans Fischer in 1934, dipyrromethenes as dipyrrinato ligands have been widely studied and continually attract interest because of their synthetic utility as porphyrin precursors and their rich photophysical properties. [22] In our case, the acid-catalyzed condensation of 5-halo-2-formylpyrroles (or isoindoles) with an a-unsubstituted pyrrole generated the 9-halodipyrromethene A in salt form (Scheme 2). Subsequently, the proton-ated azafulvene unit in this in situ generated A could participate in an unexpected S N Ar reaction with a suitable a-unsubstituted pyrrole to form the pyrroledipyrromethene B.…”

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confidence: 79%

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Straightforward Acid‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Pyrrolyldipyrromethenes

Yu¹,

Jiao²,

Tan³

et al. 2012

Angew Chem Int Ed

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confidence: 79%

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confidence: 79%

Straightforward Acid‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Pyrrolyldipyrromethenes

Yu¹,

Jiao²,

Tan³

et al. 2012

Angew Chem Int Ed

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“…While Chl a features a methyl group in that position, Chl b is oxidized to an aldehyde group. The structural identification of chlorophylls was first described by Hans Fischer ( Fischer 1937 ; Woodward 1960 ), while the corresponding nomenclature was later updated in accordance with IUPAC rules ( Merritt and Loening 1980 ) (see Supplementary Figure S1 ). Specifically, Chl a is part of the photosynthetic pigment-protein reaction center in all oxygenic photoautotrophs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Green Light Acclimation of the Green Algae Picochlorum sp. Triggering Geranylgeranylated Chlorophylls

Paper

Glemser

Haack

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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In analogy to higher plants, eukaryotic microalgae are thought to be incapable of utilizing green light for growth, due to the “green gap” in the absorbance profiles of their photosynthetic pigments. This study demonstrates, that the marine chlorophyte Picochlorum sp. is able to grow efficiently under green light emitting diode (LED) illumination. Picochlorum sp. growth and pigment profiles under blue, red, green and white LED illumination (light intensity: 50–200 μmol m−2 s−1) in bottom-lightened shake flask cultures were evaluated. Green light-treated cultures showed a prolonged initial growth lag phase of one to 2 days, which was subsequently compensated to obtain comparable biomass yields to red and white light controls (approx. 0.8 gDW L−1). Interestingly, growth and final biomass yields of the green light-treated sample were higher than under blue light with equivalent illumination energies. Further, pigment analysis indicated, that during green light illumination, Picochlorum sp. formed unknown pigments (X1-X4). Pigment concentrations increased with illumination intensity and were most abundant during the exponential growth phase. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance data indicated, that pigments X1-X2 and X3-X4 are derivatives of chlorophyll b and a, which harbor C=C bonds in the phytol side chain similar to geranylgeranylated chlorophylls. Thus, for the first time, the natural accumulation of large pools (approx. 12 mg gDW−1) of chlorophyll intermediates with incomplete hydrogenation of their phytyl chains is demonstrated for algae under monochromatic green light (Peak λ 510 nm, full width at half maximum 91 nm). The ability to utilize green light offers competitive advantages for enhancing biomass production, particularly under conditions of dense cultures, long light pathways and high light intensity. Green light acclimation for an eukaryotic microalgae in conjunction with the formation of new aberrant geranylgeranylated chlorophylls and high efficiency of growth rates are novel for eukaryotic microalgae. Illumination with green light could enhance productivity in industrial processes and trigger the formation of new metabolites–thus, underlying mechanisms require further investigation.

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“…It accumulates in the blood when plant-or mycotoxin-induced liver damage prevents its normal biliary excretion. Here, the name phytoporphyrin, proposed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and International Union of Biochemistry Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (Moss 1987), is preferred over the old name of phylloerythrin (Fischer 1937).…”

Section: Introduction and Overview Of Photosensitisation And The Dermentioning

confidence: 99%