Chloroma Regression induced by the Granulocytic Chalone

Rytömaa, T.; Kiviniemi, Kyllikki

doi:10.1038/222995a0

Cited by 53 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…So far this has been done with success in three animal tumours: two melanomata (mouse and hamster), [38] and one granulocytic leukaemia (rat) [33,39]. The fact that this may also be done in man has been shown by the inhibition of ten cases of human granuloeytic leukaemia in vitro [31].…”

Section: Treatment Of Tnmours With Chalonesmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The actions of the chalones

Bullough

1971

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In all the ten tissues so far examined it has been found that mitotic activity is controlled by a negative feedback mechanism in which a ehalone molecule acts as the messenger. A ehalone is synthesised within the same tissue on which it specifically acts to inhibit mitosis, it is not speciesspecific, and it has a prolein nature. The characteristics of a chalone mechanism and of its manner of action in a normal tissue are discussed. From studies of a wide range oftumours, both experimental and clinical, it now appears that their most important common characteristic is an abnormally low intracellular chalone concentration. When these tumoars, which include human tumours, are treated with the chalones of their tissues of origin, their mitotic activity is inhibited. The three tumours which have been repeatedly treated with the appropriate chalone have been destroyed. Thus the chalones are now emerging as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. They have the great advantage of strict tissue and tumour-specificity so that the other body tissues remain unaffected by the treatment. The most important problem now concerns their preparation in pure enough form and in adequate quantities.

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Section: Treatment Of Tnmours With Chalonesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…RYT6MAA and KIVINIEMI, using the granulocytic chalone, then attempted to destroy the Shay granulocytic leukaemia (rat) both in the form of a granuloma [39] and of a dispersed leukaemia [33]. The granulomata, growing subcutaneously, sometimes showed spontaneous regression during the earlier part of their growth.…”

Section: Treatment Of Tnmours With Chalonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The actions of the chalones

Bullough

1971

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“…charac terised by some lack of ''self-inhibition". On the contrary, many experimental data accumulated in recent years render more probable that the "specific homologous inhibition" af fects transplantable, moreover spontanous tumors, too [12,20], Jones et al [21], Buleough and Laurence [11J, Houck et al [19], Lozzio et al [24], Atallah and Houck [2], BalAzs et al [5], Blaszek and Ga Al [10] furnished evidence for acute and chronic lymphoid leukemias, RytOmaa and Kiviniemi [33,34], Balazs et at. [5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Sensitivity of Transplantable Leukemias to Endogenous Granuloid (GCE, GI–2) and Lymphoid (T<sub>4</sub>, T<sub>4</sub>–1) Inhibitors of Proliferation

Balázs¹,

Gál²,

Klupp³

et al. 1978

Oncology

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The effect on cell proliferation of crude granulocyte and thymocyte extracts (GCE, T₄) and of their target-specific fractions (Gl-2, T₄-1) was studied in cultures with transplantable subacute myeloid and lymphoid leukemia (ML, LL). In the dose rage studied (1–500 μg/ml) each factor reduced ³H-TdR incorporation into acid-insoluble DNA of bone marrow, thymus and spleen cells with ML or LL as a function of the dose, approximately linearly. Normal bone marrow proved to be less sensitive to GCE than the ML one: according to parallel line bioassay by a factor of μ = 0.56. The reactivity of LL spleen and thymus is also higher to medium T₄-1 concentrations (50–200 μg/ml) than that of normal lymphoid populations. T₄-1 inhibits ³H-TdR incorporation into the DNA of LL spleen cells sub-maximally in 90’: this effect lasts for > 7 hours. Because of its more homogeneous cell composition and higher sensitivity, subacute myeloid leukemia is more suitable for screening endógenous granuloid inhibitors than are homologous normal cell cultures.

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“…Evidence has been furnished that the chalone model may be valid for the skin (2-5) ? hematopoietic system (6,7 ) , lung (8), liver (9), and kidney (10,11). The synthesis and concentration of "chalones" are thought to be dependent on the degree of cellular differentiation, and cell growth is regulated by an organ-specific feedback mechanism as was first suggested by the "template-antitemplate7' theory of growth control of Weiss (12).…”

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confidence: 99%