Chlorogenic Acid and Verticillium Wilt of Tobacco

Sheppard, John W.; Peterson, J. F.

doi:10.4141/cjps76-023

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Thus, perhaps QDH activity was at least partially driven by its possible involvement in lignin biosynthesis in seed plants. However, apart from lignin biosynthesis, chlorogenic acid has also been implicated in defence against pathogens (Sheppard and Peterson, ) and herbivores (Ikonen et al ., ; Leiss et al ., ), as an antioxidant (Grace et al ., ; Niggeweg et al ., ) and a UV protectant (Grace et al ., ; Clé et al ., ) as well as in fruit browning (Weurman and Swain, ), so it is plausible that plants faced more than one selection pressure toward QDH function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of a secondary metabolic pathway from primary metabolism: shikimate and quinate biosynthesis in plants

Carrington

Guo

et al. 2018

The Plant Journal

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The shikimate pathway synthesizes aromatic amino acids essential for protein biosynthesis. Shikimate dehydrogenase (SDH) is a central enzyme of this primary metabolic pathway, producing shikimate. The structurally similar quinate is a secondary metabolite synthesized by quinate dehydrogenase (QDH). SDH and QDH belong to the same gene family, which diverged into two phylogenetic clades after a defining gene duplication just prior to the angiosperm/gymnosperm split. Non-seed plants that diverged before this duplication harbour only a single gene of this family. Extant representatives from the chlorophytes (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii), bryophytes (Physcomitrella patens) and lycophytes (Selaginella moellendorfii) encoded almost exclusively SDH activity in vitro. A reconstructed ancestral sequence representing the node just prior to the gene duplication also encoded SDH activity. Quinate dehydrogenase activity was gained only in seed plants following gene duplication. Quinate dehydrogenases of gymnosperms, represented here by Pinus taeda, may be reminiscent of an evolutionary intermediate since they encode equal SDH and QDH activities. The second copy in P. taeda maintained specificity for shikimate similar to the activity found in the angiosperm SDH sister clade. The codon for a tyrosine residue within the active site displayed a signature of positive selection at the node defining the QDH clade, where it changed to a glycine. Replacing the tyrosine with a glycine in a highly shikimate-specific angiosperm SDH was sufficient to gain some QDH function. Thus, very few mutations were necessary to facilitate the evolution of QDH genes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of a secondary metabolic pathway from primary metabolism: shikimate and quinate biosynthesis in plants

Carrington

Guo

et al. 2018

The Plant Journal

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“…These results are in agreement with those of Iker et al [65] who showed that the levels of flavanols, which are the monomers of condensed tannins (flavanols epicatechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), increase in the leaves of Cistus clusii in response to hydric deficit. Most phenols plants are also considered stress metabolites [66,67] and their accumulation in plants is affected by several factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and water stress on growth, phenolic compounds, glandular hairs, and yield of essential oil in basil (Ocimum gratissimum L)

Hazzoumi¹,

Moustakime²,

Elharchli³

et al. 2015

Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric.

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Background: Water stress is one of the most adverse conditions that may affect growth, and synthesis of essential oils in aromatic and medicinal plants. To overcome these climatic conditions, mycorrhiza is an adaptation strategy developed by plants to help them cope with these adverse conditions. For this purpose, we studied the influence of mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus intraradices) and water stress on the growth of basil plants (Ocimum gratissimum L), the yield of essential oils, and the abundance of glandular hairs. Results: The analyses show that AMF increases the yield of oils with a maximum recorded in stressed mycorrhizal plants (0.33%) and the lowest in non-stressed non-mycorrhizal plants (0.22%). The contents of total phenolic compounds increase in non-mycorrhizal plants under stress (104% in leaves and 97% in the roots) unlike the mycorrhiza which did not stimulate the synthesis of these compounds, Moreover, the contents of chlorophyll pigments decrease with the application of stress in non-mycorrhizal plants (53%) and increase in mycorrhizal plants. The proline contents increased significantly with the application of water stress; this increase is more pronounced in non-mycorrhizal plants than mycorrhizal plants. Conclusions: Water stress limits the growth and leads to a decrease in morphological parameters, this reduction is accompanied by a synthesis of several molecules in particular proline and phenolic compounds, However, the AMF stimulates growth, and drives the water status in plants at an optimal level, thus confirming the role of mycorrhizal symbiosis in plant defense against biotic and abiotic stress.

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“…The periderm of a potato cultivar resistant to Streptomyces scabies (scab) was found to have a higher concentration of chlorogenic acid than a susceptible cultivar (Johnson & Schaal, 1957). A similar correlation with concentrations in the vascular tissue of potato and tobacco cultivars was established for resistance to the wilt fungi Verticillium albo-atrum and V. dahliae respectively (McLean et al, 1961;Sheppard & Peterson, 1976). Differences in cultivar susceptibility to Cercospora beticola (leaf spot) in sugar-beet has also been attributed to differing concentrations of an uncharacterized phenolic substance extracted from leaves (Harrison et ~., 1961).…”

Section: Plant Morphologymentioning

confidence: 71%

Mechanisms by Which Genetically Controlled Resistance and Virulence Influence Host Colonization by Fungal and Bacterial Parasites

Crute¹,

Wit²,

Wade³

1985

Mechanisms of Resistance to Plant Diseases

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Chlorogenic Acid and Verticillium Wilt of Tobacco

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Evolution of a secondary metabolic pathway from primary metabolism: shikimate and quinate biosynthesis in plants

Evolution of a secondary metabolic pathway from primary metabolism: shikimate and quinate biosynthesis in plants

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and water stress on growth, phenolic compounds, glandular hairs, and yield of essential oil in basil (Ocimum gratissimum L)

Mechanisms by Which Genetically Controlled Resistance and Virulence Influence Host Colonization by Fungal and Bacterial Parasites

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