Chloroform fumigation and the release of soil nitrogen: The effects of fumigation time and temperature

Brookes, P. C.; Kragt, J.F.; Powlson, D. S.; Jenkinson, D. S.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(85)90143-9

Cited by 377 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The large variation of microbial C:N ratio (6.0 -11.34) ( Table 2) in the present study areas may be due to low availability of total soil N, however, the present value is close to the range reported by Martikainen and Palojarvi (1990) for various forest soils (6)(7)(8)(9) …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

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Seasonal and Temporal Variation in Soil Microbial Biomass C, N and P in Different Types Land Uses of Dry Deciduous Forest Ecosystem of Udaipur, Rajasthan, Western India

Patel¹,

Kumar²,

Kumar³

et al. 2010

Appl Ecol Env Res

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Patel et al.: Seasonal and temporal variation in soil microbial biomass C, N and P in different types land uses of dry deciduous forest -377 - Abstract. The soil microbial biomass of soil is being increasing recognized as sensitive indicator of soil quality. Its knowledge is fundamental for sustainable environment management. The soil microbial biomass C, N and P were studied in four different land uses of dry tropical forest of Udaipur, Rajasthan, Western India to assess the influence of abiotic, physico-chemical variables and difference in different land uses (mixed forest, butea plantation, grassland and agricultural lands) on the seasonal variation in soil microbial biomass. Microbial biomass C, N and P were highest during rainy season and lowest during winter in all the four different land use with the exception of microbial N which was lowest in summer in mixed forest and butea plantation. Microbial biomass C and N were shown to be significantly correlated to the abiotic and physico-chemical variables of the soil, such as soil temperature, relative humidity, soil moisture, organic C, total N, clay, and pH. Present study clearly shows that land use has a significant effect on microbial biomass C, N and P in soil by altering natural soil characteristics under the same ecological conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Microbial biomass N was determined by microkjeldahl method (Bremner and Mulvaney, 1982) and calculated by Brookes et al (1985): microbial N = KEN X 1:46 and microbial biomass P was determined by ammonium molybdate stannous chloride method (Sparling et al, 1985) and calculated by Brookes et al (1982):…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and Temporal Variation in Soil Microbial Biomass C, N and P in Different Types Land Uses of Dry Deciduous Forest Ecosystem of Udaipur, Rajasthan, Western India

Patel¹,

Kumar²,

Kumar³

et al. 2010

Appl Ecol Env Res

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“…BNRN concentrations varied from 7.6 to 96.4 and 15.9 to 165.1 mg ninhydrin N kg-1 soil after 24 hand 240 h fumigations, respectively (Table 2). Previously published studies showed that the increase of the amount of NRN released had been affected by continuing hydrolytic enzyme activities during soil fumigation (Brookes et al 1985;Amato and Ladd 1988;Zelles et al 1997). In order to obtain more detailed information on the release of NRN compounds, we also determined ~H and calculated the 4 amount of a-amino compounds based on the difference between the values of NRN and ~4 after 24 hand 240 h fumigations ( Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of difference in fumigation period on the accumulation of ninhydrin-reactive compounds in Japanese Andosols

Can

Nonaka

2002

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Since ninhydrin-reactive nitrogen (NRN) reacts with a small fraction of the total amount of soluble organic N such as a-amino compounds (amino acids peptides, and proteins) and also ammonium, it is an appropriate reagent for the determination of soil microbial biomass. Further studies on the ninhydrin-based assays are, however, required to elucidate the mechanism of NRN autolysis in different soils. In the present study, we investigated the relationships between biomass N (BN) and NRN after 24 hand 240 h of CHCl 3 fumigation in a range of Japanese Andosol Soils. Our results showed that 240 h fumigation provided 1.9 times more NRN (n = 11), which mostly consisted of NH4 + -N. The relationships: BN = 4.31 x NRN and BN = 2.01 x NRN are considered to be appropriate for 24 hand 240 h fumigations, respectively.

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“…According to Drury and Beauchamp (1991) and Trehan (1996), adsorption of NH 4 on clay minerals is prompt (< 30 min), but generally accounts for less than 10% of the NH 4 applied to soil. Brookes et al (1985) found that 10-34% of NH 4 in soils is immobilized by micro-organisms, and this indicates that micro-organisms may have contributed to the uptake of NH 4 . In our study, some of these micro-organisms may have been nitrifiers that transform NH 4 to NO 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Low nitrogen and phosphorus release from sediment deposited on a Danish restored floodplain

Audet

Hoffmann

Jensen

2011

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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-River floodplains and riparian areas are often considered efficient traps for sediment and sediment-associated nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). However, few studies have focused on the fate of sediment-bound N and P after deposition on floodplains. In this study, the leaching of N and P from sediment deposited on a Danish-restored floodplain was quantified by placing trapped sediment samples under a rainfall simulator and exposing them to in situ temperatures and precipitation for two months. The nitrate release was 2.72-1600 mg NO 3 -N.g x1 DW which corresponded to 0.06-6.42% of the total nitrogen contained in the sediment. Total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) release was 0.44-3.17 mg P.g x1 DW, corresponding to 0.021-0.065% of the TP content of the sediment. Our results indicate that N and P release from floodplain sediment subjected to rainfall events is very low, which should be considered when applying floodplain restoration to mitigate the load of N and P to rivers.

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Chloroform fumigation and the release of soil nitrogen: The effects of fumigation time and temperature

Cited by 377 publications

References 12 publications

Seasonal and Temporal Variation in Soil Microbial Biomass C, N and P in Different Types Land Uses of Dry Deciduous Forest Ecosystem of Udaipur, Rajasthan, Western India

Seasonal and Temporal Variation in Soil Microbial Biomass C, N and P in Different Types Land Uses of Dry Deciduous Forest Ecosystem of Udaipur, Rajasthan, Western India

Effect of difference in fumigation period on the accumulation of ninhydrin-reactive compounds in Japanese Andosols

Low nitrogen and phosphorus release from sediment deposited on a Danish restored floodplain

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