Chlorine-free extraction of cellulose from rice husk and whisker isolation

Rosa, Simone Maria Leal; Rehman, Noor; Miranda, Maria Inez Graf de; Nachtigall, Sônia Marlí Bohrz; Bica, Clara Isméria Damiani

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.084

Cited by 341 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The absence of this band suggests that the highest possible amount of lignin was removed. This is consistent with the effective isolation method that was used, in which most of the lignin was removed, as shown by the disappearance of the lignin peak at 1510 cm -1 (Rosa et al 2012). However, the peak located at 1047 cm -1 represented C-O stretching vibrations in cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in RH.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Isolated Cellulosesupporting

confidence: 84%

“…However, the peak located at 1047 cm -1 represented C-O stretching vibrations in cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in RH. The shape of this peak changed in RH cellulose and appeared as a doublet (Rosa et al 2012). The presence of peaks at 463 to 560 cm -1 in RH is related to the Si-O-Si stretching in silica.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Isolated Cellulosementioning

confidence: 92%

“…The main decomposition peak in the untreated RH was much wider than in RH cellulose because of the degradation of lignin and hemicelluloses. The maximum content of RH cellulose degradation occurred at 357 °C (Rosa et al 2012). …”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysis (Tga)mentioning

confidence: 96%

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Feasibility Study and Structural Analysis of Cellulose Isolated from Rice Husk: Microwave Irradiation, Optimization, and Treatment Process Scheme

Khandanlou¹,

Ngoh²,

Chong³

2016

BioResources

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The goal of this study was to pretreat rice husk (RH) using a microwaveassisted pretreatment process coupled with chlorite delignification and alkaline treatment to facilitate the isolation of cellulose. The isolated cellulose was characterized and subjected to structural analysis and a thermal stability test to ascertain the efficiency of the isolation from a visual perspective. The optimum condition for the microwave-assisted pretreatment of RH was determined by response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of three independent variables-microwave power, irradiation time, and solvent ratio-were investigated based on the maximum content of the RH being pretreated. At the optimum parameters of microwave power of 400 w, a 10-min duration, and a solvent ratio of 80.0% v/v, the pretreatment efficiency of RH was 10.0%. Compared with the conventional Soxhlet technique, the microwave pretreatment was superior. The X-ray powder diffraction (PXRD) result for the isolated cellulose showed that cellulose was highly crystalline (CrI = 65.0%). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) verified that most of the lignin and hemicelluloses were removed from the isolated cellulose after the chemical treatment. Furthermore, the TGA study revealed that the thermal stability of RH cellulose was higher than the original RH.

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Section: Characterization Of the Isolated Cellulosesupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Characterization Of the Isolated Cellulosementioning

confidence: 92%

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Feasibility Study and Structural Analysis of Cellulose Isolated from Rice Husk: Microwave Irradiation, Optimization, and Treatment Process Scheme

Khandanlou¹,

Ngoh²,

Chong³

2016

BioResources

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“…For the fibers obtained from CCS the crystallinity index was 67% after both treatments. For comparison, the crystallinity index determined by Rosa et al [12] for rice husk cellulose and microcrystalline cellulose were 67% and 79%, respectively. An increase in the C I values indicates a greater quantity of crystalline cellulose in the samples compared to amorphous material, which is related to the effectiveness in the removal of hemicelluloses and lignin, in agreement with the results obtained in the infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Effect Of Bleaching Processmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Studies have been conducted using oxidants which generate very low levels of waste, such as hydrogen peroxide, thereby reducing the environmental impact [1,11] . Rosa et al [12] has isolated cellulose from rice husk by cellulose extraction in two-step chlorine-free bleaching processes. Other processes are performed without the alkali treatment step, using systems such as nitric/acetic acid [11] and peracetic acid [13] and mixtures of hydrogen peroxide with manganese(II) sulfate and zinc oxide or manganese(II) sulfate and titanium dioxide [14] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of whiskers from natural sources and their dispersed in a non-aqueous medium

et al. 2016

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SbstractWhiskers have been used as a nanomaterial dispersed in polymer matrices to modify the microscopic and macroscopic properties of the polymer. These nanomaterials can be isolated from cellulose, one of the most abundant natural renewable sources of biodegradable polymer. In this study, whiskers were isolated from sugarcane bagasse and corn cob straw fibers. Initially, the cellulose fiber was treated through an alkaline/oxidative process followed by acid hydrolysis. Dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide were used to replace the aqueous medium for the dispersion of the whiskers. For the solvent exchange, dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide was added to the aqueous dispersion and the water was then removed by fractional distillation. FTIR, TGA, XRD, TEM, Zeta and DLS techniques were used to evaluate the efficiency of the isolation process as well as the morphology and dimensions of the whiskers. The dimensions of the whiskers are comparable with values reported in the literature, maintaining the uniformity and homogeneity in both aqueous and non-aqueous solvents.

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Industrial Applications of Cellulose Extracted from Agricultural and Food Industry Wastes

Rashid

Dutta

2022

Handbook of Biomass Valorization for Industrial Applications

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Chlorine-free extraction of cellulose from rice husk and whisker isolation

Cited by 341 publications

References 38 publications

Feasibility Study and Structural Analysis of Cellulose Isolated from Rice Husk: Microwave Irradiation, Optimization, and Treatment Process Scheme

Feasibility Study and Structural Analysis of Cellulose Isolated from Rice Husk: Microwave Irradiation, Optimization, and Treatment Process Scheme

Isolation of whiskers from natural sources and their dispersed in a non-aqueous medium

Industrial Applications of Cellulose Extracted from Agricultural and Food Industry Wastes

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