The continued use of fossil (petroleum-based) materials has raised environmental concerns due to their lack of bio-degradability and bio-sustainability. The coatings industry has been proactive by incorporating natural materials into its products. The recent thrust in favor of bio-based materials for coatings has led to even greater interest in using technologies to integrate green materials into coating formulations without performance property losses. This chapter highlights some examples of how bio-based materials are being modified for use in resins and coatings.