Chlorinated fatty acids - Environmental pollutants with intriguing properties

Ewald, Göran

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(98)00325-7

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…ClFAs are particularly interesting from a risk assessment point of view as they are not recognised by biota as xenobiotics although they may exert toxicity (Ewald 1998 ). In contrast to legacy POPs, ClFAs do not primarily accumulate in fatty tissues but are incorporated in membrane lipids; the concentrations of ClFAs relative other fatty acids (FAs) are higher in muscle tissues than in depot fat, at least in mammals (Björn 1999 ; Åkesson Nilsson 2004 ).…”

Section: Terrestrial Reservoirs Of Chlorinementioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorine cycling and the fate of Cl in terrestrial environments

Svensson

Kylin

Montelius

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chlorine (Cl) in the terrestrial environment is of interest from multiple perspectives, including the use of chloride as a tracer for water flow and contaminant transport, organochlorine pollutants, Cl cycling, radioactive waste (radioecology; 36Cl is of large concern) and plant science (Cl as essential element for living plants). During the past decades, there has been a rapid development towards improved understanding of the terrestrial Cl cycle. There is a ubiquitous and extensive natural chlorination of organic matter in terrestrial ecosystems where naturally formed chlorinated organic compounds (Clorg) in soil frequently exceed the abundance of chloride. Chloride dominates import and export from terrestrial ecosystems while soil Clorg and biomass Cl can dominate the standing stock Cl. This has important implications for Cl transport, as chloride will enter the Cl pools resulting in prolonged residence times. Clearly, these pools must be considered separately in future monitoring programs addressing Cl cycling. Moreover, there are indications that (1) large amounts of Cl can accumulate in biomass, in some cases representing the main Cl pool; (2) emissions of volatile organic chlorines could be a significant export pathway of Cl and (3) that there is a production of Clorg in tissues of, e.g. plants and animals and that Cl can accumulate as, e.g. chlorinated fatty acids in organisms. Yet, data focusing on ecosystem perspectives and combined spatiotemporal variability regarding various Cl pools are still scarce, and the processes and ecological roles of the extensive biological Cl cycling are still poorly understood.

show abstract

Section: Terrestrial Reservoirs Of Chlorinementioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorine cycling and the fate of Cl in terrestrial environments

Svensson

Kylin

Montelius

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Environmental releases of organic chlorine compounds

Stringer

Johnston

2001

Chlorine and the Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Incorporation of 1‐chlorooctadecane into FA and β‐hydroxy acids of Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus

Aubert

Metzger

Largeau

2004

Lipids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The lipids of the gram-negative marine bacterium Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus, cultivated in synthetic seawater supplemented with 1-chlorooctadecane as sole source of carbon, were isolated, purified, and their structures determined. Three pools of lipids were isolated according to the sequential procedure used: unbound lipids extracted by organic solvents, ester-bound lipids released under alkaline conditions, and amide-bound lipids released by acid hydrolysis. FA isolated from the unbound lipids included omega-chlorinated (21%, w/w, of this fraction; C16 predominant) and nonchlorinated compounds (22%, w/w; C18 predominant). These acids were accompanied by a high proportion of omega-chloro-C18 alcohols (43%, w/w) and a lower amount of omega-chloro-beta-hydroxy-C18, -C16, and -C14 acids (5%, w/w). These data, together with the isolation from the culture medium of gamma-butyrolactone, suggested a metabolism of 1-chlorooctadecane through oxidation into omega-chloro acid and then the classic beta-oxidation pathway. The analysis of the ester-bound and amide-bound lipids revealed that significant amounts of omega-chloro-beta-hydroxy C10-C12 acids were incorporated into the lipopolysaccharides of the bacterium. Incorporation of these omega-chloro-beta-hydroxy acids into the lipopolysaccharides represents a novel route for chloroalkane assimilation in hydrocarbonoclastic gram-negative bacteria. The formation of chlorinated hydroxy acids, like the omega-chloro FA in the cellular lipids, could account for an incomplete mineralization of chloroparaffins in the environment.

show abstract

Chlorinated fatty acids - Environmental pollutants with intriguing properties

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Chlorine cycling and the fate of Cl in terrestrial environments

Chlorine cycling and the fate of Cl in terrestrial environments

Environmental releases of organic chlorine compounds

Incorporation of 1‐chlorooctadecane into FA and β‐hydroxy acids of Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About