Chlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurans in the environment--a hazard to public health?

Vainio, Harri; Hesso, A.; Jäppinen, Paavo

doi:10.5271/sjweh.1837

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In sulfate and sulfite pulp mills it is common to bleach the cellulose so that the paper will be suitable for printing, and chlorine has been widely used in the bleaching processes (2). A variety of chlorinated organic compounds has been found in pulp and sludge from pulp mills, for example, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, other dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and other chlorinated organic compounds (2)(3)(4)(5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer incidence of sulfite pulp workers in Denmark

Rix¹,

Villadsen²,

Lynge³

1997

Scand J Work Environ Health

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confidence: 99%

Cancer incidence of sulfite pulp workers in Denmark

Rix¹,

Villadsen²,

Lynge³

1997

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…Cohort studies among workers in the pulp and paper industry, as well as proportional mortality studies, have shown an excess risk of cancer of the lung, stomach, kidney, bladder, and prostate, and of non-Hodgkin lymphoma [Milham, 1976;Gallagher and Threlfall, 1985;Robinson et al, 1986;Henneberger et al, 1989;Jappinen et al, 1987, 19911. Workers in the pulp and paper industry may be exposed to a variety of chemicals, and chlorinated organic compounds such as polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans have been found in effluents from paper mills [Vainio et al, 1989;Frakes et al, 19931. The International Agency for Research on Can-cer (IARC) is now coordinating a multicenter study of cancer in the pulp and paper industry [Boffetta et al, 19911. Denmark is participating in the study and special emphasis will be put on cancer risk in the repulping and deinking of paper waste, which is an important industry in Denmark.…”

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confidence: 99%

Industrial hygiene measurements in a new industry: The repulping and deinking of paper waste

Rix

Lynge

1996

Am. J. Ind. Med.

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Six Danish paper recycling plants were included in an assessment of exposure to chemicals. A questionnaire on processes was completed, and in‐plant industrial hygiene measurement data collected 1982–1994 were examined. The assessment of chemicals did not reveal a major use of possible carcinogens, but acrylamide may have been released in the work environment in one plant. A total of 197 hygiene measurements were recorded: 126 in the largest plant. Airborne concentrations of dust, microorganisms, and endotoxins varied widely between plants. High concentrations of dust were recorded in the paper machine area in one plant and in the repulping unit in another plant. In general, endotoxin levels were low, but endotoxin levels were increased in one plant when reuse of process water was intensified. Changes in procedures should be assessed by industrial hygiene measurements. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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“…In effluent water and sludge from paper mills, 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,, other dioxins, and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) have been found.2A Studies of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and PCDFs in paper products have shown the highest concentrations in pulp from recycled paper,' and a high incidence of chromosomal mutations was found in ferns in a river contaminated by paper recycling effluent.' Studies of workers from the pulp and paper industry have indicated an increased risk of lung cancer, stomach cancer, and malignant lymphomas,6 but no study has previously been undertaken to investigate the risk of cancer in the paper recycling industry.…”

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Risk of cancer among paper recycling workers.

et al. 1997

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lymphomas,6 but no study has previously been undertaken to investigate the risk of cancer in the paper recycling industry. De-inking and recycling of paper will become an important industry in the future as paper consumption increases.7 As Denmark has an old paper recycling industry8 and a national compulsory cancer registration, we conducted a historical cohort study of incidence of cancer in Danish paper recycling plants. Materials and methods DESCRIPTION OF THE PAPER RECYCLING PLANTSFive Danish paper recycling plants were included. The oldest plant started production in 1956 and the newest in 1969. In three plants, paper waste was mixed with water, and slimicides, sizing agents, flocking chemicals, fillers, and other chemicals were added to the paper stock.Two plants used a de-inking process to remove printing ink from newspapers and magazines. In a flotation de-inking system, paper waste was dissolved in water, fatty acids and other compounds were added, and printing ink and impurities were separated by an air flow in a foam separator.The most common chemicals used in the

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Chlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurans in the environment--a hazard to public health?

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Cancer incidence of sulfite pulp workers in Denmark

Cancer incidence of sulfite pulp workers in Denmark

Industrial hygiene measurements in a new industry: The repulping and deinking of paper waste

Risk of cancer among paper recycling workers.

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