Chloride retention in forest soil by microbial uptake and by natural chlorination of organic matter

Bastviken, David; Thomsen, Frida; Svensson, Teresia; Karlsson, Susanne; Sandén, Per; Shaw, G.; Matucha, M.; Öberg, Gunilla

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2007.04.028

Cited by 124 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…AOX are formed in the forest soil; their formation is proportional to the TOC and chloride contents and influenced by pH (Johansson et al 2003). Large molecules of chlorohumus were anticipated and also confirmed in our preliminary investigations (Bastviken et al 2007). We found a plausible reason for the difference between the products of short and long chlorination times: after longer chlorination, chlorine was bound more firmly, probably to aromatic rings ).…”

Section: Biogeochemical Cycling Of Chlorine and Chlorination In The Fsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Bastviken et al 2007) could be improved by chromatographic separation of fulvic acids (Řezáčová and Gryndler 2006). The procedure of Bastviken et al (2007) afforded high FA values in the supernatant after HA precipitation, which was, however, not confirmed by the chromatographic procedure of Řezáčová and Gryndler (2006) and showed different chlorine binding to HA, probably into aliphatic chains and after longer chlorination to aromatic rings ). VOCls will be determined by capillary GC-ECD/ MS after thermodesorption from adsorption tubes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several suitable analytical methods were already described in reported investigations (Matucha et al 2004, Bastviken et al 2007); these may serve as prerequisites for anticipated further research. Extractions with aqueous solutions or organic solvents combined with size exclusion chromatography (gel filtration), ultrafiltration and GC or HPLC combined with MS may be used for separation and identification of chlorination products and a SPME technique for chloroform determination in soil and water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recent results from this research field show the important role of microorganisms. Bastviken et al (2007) showed retention of chloride by microorganisms with subsequent chlorination of SOM, Gryndler et al (2008) the influence of chloride concentration on microbial communities, Rohlenová et al (2009) the chlorination of SOM in FH soil caused by microorganisms (only a small part being chlorinated abiotically) and Laturnus and Matucha (2008) chloride as a precursor of volatile Cl org (VOCls) in lower forest plants -in ferns and moss. Formation of volatile chlorocarbons was indicated indirectly, by chlorine deficit also during chlorination of SOM using 36 Cl-chloride ).…”

Section: Biogeochemical Cycling Of Chlorine and Chlorination In The Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biogeochemical cycles of chlorine in the coniferous forest ecosystem: practical implications

Matucha¹,

Clarke²,

Lachmanová³

et al. 2010

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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Chlorine -one of the most widespread elements on the Earth -is present in the environment as chloride ion or bound to organic substances. The main source of chloride ions is the oceans while organically bound chlorine (OCl) comes from various sources, including anthropogenic ones. Chlorinated organic compounds were long considered to be only industrial products; nevertheless, organochlorines occur plentifully in natural ecosystems. However, recent investigations in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems have shown them to be products of biodegradation of soil organic matter under participation of chlorine. It is important to understand both the inorganic and organic biogeochemical cycling of chlorine in order to understand processes in the forest ecosystem and dangers as a result of human activities, i.e. emission and deposition of anthropogenic chlorinated compounds as well as those from natural processes. The minireview presented below provides a survey of contemporary knowledge of the state of the art and a basis for investigations of formation and degradation of organochlorines and monitoring of chloride and organochlorines in forest ecosystems, which has not been carried out in the Czech Republic yet.

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Section: Biogeochemical Cycling Of Chlorine and Chlorination In The Fsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biogeochemical Cycling Of Chlorine and Chlorination In The Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Biogeochemical cycles of chlorine in the coniferous forest ecosystem: practical implications

Matucha¹,

Clarke²,

Lachmanová³

et al. 2010

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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“…However, based on few related studies, we deduced that Na + and Cl − inputs with N fertilizers could not significantly influence soil microbial community and C processes in the short term (e.g., 1 year). First, extensive microbial uptake and release of Cl − and Na + occur over short timescales (from a week to a month) and are probably associated with changes in environmental conditions (Bastviken et al 2007). High rainfall in our study site can remove lots of exogenous Na + and Cl − via surface runoff.…”

Section: Effects Of N Levels and Forms On Soil Co 2 Fluxmentioning

confidence: 94%

Contrasting effects of ammonium and nitrate inputs on soil CO2 emission in a subtropical coniferous plantation of southern China

et al. 2015

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Increased nitrogen (N) deposition has been found controversial affecting soil CO 2 emission in terrestrial ecosystems, which leads to serious debate on the efficiency of estimated C sequestration induced by N enrichment. The forms of input N might be responsible for this controversy. This study aims to explore the effects of NH 4 + (reduced N) and NO 3 − (oxidized N) on soil CO 2 flux and the underlying microbial mechanisms. An N addition experiment, two N fertilizers (NH 4 Cl and NaNO 3 ) and two rates (40 and 120 kg N ha −1 year −1 ), was carried out in a slash pine plantation of southern China. Soil-atmospheric CO 2 exchange, soil microbial biomass, and community composition were measured using static chamber-gas chromatography and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analyses in the active growing and nonactive growing seasons, respectively. Low level of NaNO 3 addition significantly increased soil CO 2 flux in the active growing season, whereas other N treatments did not change soil CO 2 flux. High level of NH 4 Cl addition significantly reduced soil fungal biomass (fungal PLFA) and changed microbial community composition (ratio of fungal to bacterial (F/B) PLFAs). The positive relationships between the change in soil CO 2 flux and the change in fungal biomass, as well as between the change in soil CO 2 flux and the change in community composition, were observed in the nonactive growing season. The N forms as NO 3 − or NH 4 + are important factors affecting C cycles in the subtropical coniferous plantation. These results suggested that the variations of soil CO 2 emission and microbial biomass and community composition in the subtropical plantation depended on the seasons and the levels and forms of N addition.

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Chlorine: Radionuclides

Ashworth

Shaw

2005

Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry

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Chlorine is ubiquitous in the environment and is an essential element for higher plants and animals. The primary radioactive isotope is 36 Cl, which has a half‐life of 3.01 × 10 5 years and which is produced both naturally and as a result of anthropogenic nuclear activity. This article considers the important sources of 36 Cl in the environment and the subsequent behavior of the radionuclide. The chemistry of radio‐ and stable chlorine is discussed with particular emphasis on its ability to not only exist as the chloride ion but also as organic chlorine. Procedures for the fractionation/speciation and analytical determination of 36 Cl in environmental samples are also reported. Owing to the high solubility of the chloride ion, the potential for a large degree of 36 Cl migration within soils, and from soils into plants is described. The most significant source of 36 Cl is likely to be nuclear waste buried in underground rock repositories. Over extended time periods, if such a repository were to leak, 36 Cl has the potential to move upward with the flow of water into soils and plants. The article describes risk modeling that assesses this important pathway by which humans may become exposed to 36 Cl. Such modeling suggests that 36 Cl leaked from a buried nuclear waste repository has the potential to eventually contaminate soils, plants, well water, and surface waters. However, the radioactive dose associated with this contamination would apparently be relatively low.

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Chloride retention in forest soil by microbial uptake and by natural chlorination of organic matter

Cited by 124 publications

References 41 publications

Biogeochemical cycles of chlorine in the coniferous forest ecosystem: practical implications

Biogeochemical cycles of chlorine in the coniferous forest ecosystem: practical implications

Contrasting effects of ammonium and nitrate inputs on soil CO2 emission in a subtropical coniferous plantation of southern China

Chlorine: Radionuclides

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