Chloride Removal by Intermittent Cathodic Protection Applied to Reinforced Concrete in the Tidal Zone

Chloride‐induced corrosion of steel in concrete

“…The solutions will be complex, particularly if the effects of time-dependent chloride binding, charge separation and more than one transport process are considered [31,32]. When an electric field is imposed, oxidation and reduction reactions may induce changes affecting the local pressure and electric field [19,33]. If the model is too complex, it may require parameters that are not readily measurable.…”

“…Recent innovations in these techniques have included their extension to areas where the current is applied intermittently [33,74], improvements in the assessment criteria [76], and improvements in the anodes used [77]. Developments have also been made in overcoming the problems associated with the use of sacrificial anodes applied to the surface of concrete [78].…”

Chloride Electroremediation in reinforced structures: preliminary electrochemical tests to detect the steel repassivation during the treatment

“…Considerably lower voltages, preferably less than 30 V, are used in ECE. Not until the beginning of the 1990s, research reports were published on this method [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. So, the electroremediation applied to chloride extraction using impressed current has been used for over 30 years on a relatively large scale with good success [17,[25][26][27], even though some side effects have been detected [28,29].…”

Steel Activation in Concrete Following Interruption of Long-Term Cathodic Polarization

“…There is some evidence [25] that sustained application of a field of this magnitude and direction may fractionally reduce the Clcontent, and increase the OHcontent, of the pore water at the rebar surface compared with the values expected in the absence of migration effects. Figure 7.…”