Chloride migration in concrete with superabsorbent polymers

Abstract

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Improved Concrete Materials with Hydrogel-Based Internal Curing Agents

“…All hydrogel compositions displayed a short peak swelling followed by significant deswelling at 0.005 M (Figure 4a). Similar behavior is seen at 0.025 M (Figure 4b), although the changes in swelling capacities of all hydrogels were much lower, ranging of about 5 gfluid/ghydrogel rather than (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) gfluid/ghydrogel as observed in the 0.005 M concentration solutions. At 0.1 M, virtually no swelling was observed in any hydrogels, again suggesting that at high concentrations of aluminum, the cations are strongly associating with the outermost portions of the hydrogel and may be forming a dense layer through which the solvent cannot diffuse during the timescales of observation.…”

“…Internal curing techniques offer a solution to this problem of HPC self-desiccation. One method of internal curing that has been explored more recently is the use of covalently crosslinked superabsorbent polymer (SAP) hydrogels [12][13][14][15][16][17].These hydrogels are able to absorb and retain up to several hundred times their dry weight in fluid [18]. Hydrogels have been found to reduce autogenous shrinkage in HPC, and although some researchers have reported a decrease in early age strength after adding hydrogels, strength did recover to control levels with sufficient time [11,12,16,17,19].…”

“…Internal curing techniques offer a solution to this problem of HPC self-desiccation. One method of internal curing that has been explored more recently is the use of covalently crosslinked superabsorbent polymer (SAP) hydrogels [12][13][14][15][16][17]. These hydrogels are able to absorb and retain up to several hundred times their dry weight in fluid [18].…”

Internal curing of alkali-activated fly ash-slag pastes using superabsorbent polymer

“…Among them, SAP shows superior absorption and desorption capacity, allowableness of free design of form and size of concrete composite, resistance of concrete to chloride penetration and lower cost [18,[22][23][24].…”

The influence of SAPs on chloride ingress in cracked concrete

“…The water that the SAPs absorb can be released over time during dry conditions, thereby stimulating the intrinsic autogenous healing capacity [9]. Up until now, their influence on chloride resistance has only been studied for uncracked concrete [10,11]. If no additional mixing water is added, addition of SAPs can result in a lower chloride ingress.…”