Chloride Corrosion Threshold of Reinforcing Steel in Alkaline Solutions—Open-Circuit Immersion Tests

Li, L.; Sagüés, Alberto A.

doi:10.5006/1.3290325

Cited by 198 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Mendoza et al (1994) also found a very high corrosion rate for the rusted steel bars. On the other hand, AlTayyib et al (1990) reported that the initial rusting does not have an adverse effect on the corrosion resistance of rebar embedded in concrete, which contradicts with the results obtained by Mendoza et al (1994) Novak et al (2001) and Li and Sagues (2001). Also, based on the accelerated laboratory investigations and long-term exposure tests in the marine environment, it was found that micro-structure of steel-concrete interface (physical adhesion, voids, etc.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

“…For laboratory tests, polished bars (cleaned by sand blasting or chemical method) are commonly used. Based on a study on different surface conditions of steel bars by Li and Sagues (2001), it was concluded that removal of mill scale or rust from the steel surface by sandblasting is beneficial in elevating the chloride corrosion threshold in alkaline solution, although the corrosion rate of sandblasted steel after pitting initiation is higher than those of the mill-scaled and pre-rusted steel bars. Novak et al (2001) reported that pre-rusted steel bars in concrete, even without any chloride content, shows technically unacceptable average corrosion rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corrosion of Steel Bars in Concrete with the Variation of Microstructure of Steel-Concrete Interface

Mohammed

Hamada

Hasnat

et al. 2015

ACT

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An experimental investigation was carried out on chloride induced corrosion of steel bars in concrete under marine environment with the variation of micro-structure of steel-concrete interface. To create the variation of micro-structure of steel-concrete interface, steel bars coated with cement paste of different W/Cs and cement types were used. For investigation, cylindrical concrete specimens were made with steel bars (with and without cement paste coating). W/C ratios of cement paste coat were 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 1.0. The specimens were exposed to an accelerated seawater exposure controlled with automatic wetting and drying. The specimens were tested till 45 cycles in the exposure. Test items include compressive strength of concrete, chloride ingress into concrete, electrochemical evaluation of corrosion, microscopic investigations of steel-concrete interface by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and linear traverse. It is revealed that the initiation of corrosion is significantly influenced by the nature of micro-structure of the steelconcrete interface, such as size of voids at the steel-concrete interface.

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Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion of Steel Bars in Concrete with the Variation of Microstructure of Steel-Concrete Interface

Mohammed

Hamada

Hasnat

et al. 2015

ACT

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“…The steel surface was machined [30], ground [31], sandblasted [26,32] or in most cases mechanically polished [33][34][35][36][37]. Upon exposure to alkaline solutions, literature work agrees on an asymptotical increase of the open circuit potential (OCP) [26,[30][31][32][33][34][36][37][38][39][40] and of the polarization resistance [32,37,38,40] with time of exposure, indicating the formation of a protective iron oxide film. Although a protective passive film starts to form soon after exposure of steel to passivating solutions, the quality and stability of the film depends on the exposure duration and the chemical composition of the passivating solution.…”

Section: Passive Filmmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Protective properties Formation of the passive film leads to a decrease in corrosion rate with time reaching values of \0.1 lA/cm 2 (1 mA/m 2 ) corresponding to mass loss \1 lm/year, i.e. an insignificant rate [32,37,38,40]. This protective nature of the passive state is associated to a marked decrease in the ionic conduction in the film (ion barrier); a lower electronic conduction was also reported [39].…”

Section: Passive Filmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2.3.2 and 2.3.3). Similarly, in recognition of the blurring effects of pre-existing rust layers or mill scale on the results of corrosion tests with reinforcing steels, these oxide/hydroxide layers have also frequently been removed by abrasive blasting (such as sandblasting) [32]. The steel surface thus exposed may appear to be rougher than that of the initial mill scale, at least at some magnification levels, but the blasted steel surface can actually show less ability to sustain cathodic reactions than the mill scale [53].…”

Section: Steel Surface Area and Surface Roughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The steel–concrete interface

et al. 2017

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Although the steel-concrete interface (SCI) is widely recognized to influence the durability of reinforced concrete, a systematic overview and detailed documentation of the various aspects of the SCI are lacking. In this paper, we compiled a comprehensive list of possible local characteristics at the SCI and reviewed available information regarding their properties as well as their occurrence in engineering structures and in the laboratory. Given the complexity of the SCI, we suggested a systematic approach to describe it in terms of local characteristics and their physical and chemical properties. It was found that the SCI exhibits significant spatial inhomogeneity along and around as well as perpendicular to the reinforcing steel. The SCI can differ strongly between different engineering structures and also between different members within a structure; particular differences are expected between structures built before and after the 1970/1980s. A single SCI representing all on-site conditions does not exist. Additionally, SCIs in common laboratory-made specimens exhibit significant differences compared to engineering structures. Thus, results from laboratory studies and from practical experience should be applied to engineering structures with caution. Finally, recommendations for further research are made. This report was prepared by the working group within RILEM TC 262-SCI, and further reviewed and approved by all members of the RILEM TC 262-SCI.

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Chloride threshold for corrosion of galvanized reinforcement in concrete exposed in the mexican Caribbean

Maldonado

2009

Materials & Corrosion

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The time of incubation (TI) and chloride threshold (CT) necessary to initiate corrosion of reinforcement steel are crucial variables to predict the useful life of an infrastructure in any model. For black steel there is a great amount of data in the bibliography. However, for galvanized steel, is very scarce and in tropical climates no data exist. In this research, CT and TI were determined for galvanized steel embedded in concretes with water/cement (w/c) ratios of 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, and 0.7. The samples were corroded under natural conditions in the north coast of the Yucatan Peninsula for nine years. The results show that galvanized reinforcement can resist chloride levels 2.6-3 times higher than black steel, even in poor quality concretes. Likewise, it was possible to observe that TI for galvanized steel is twice that of black reinforcement, and so the former offers the possibility of extending the useful life of structures.

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Chloride Corrosion Threshold of Reinforcing Steel in Alkaline Solutions—Open-Circuit Immersion Tests

Cited by 198 publications

References 3 publications

Corrosion of Steel Bars in Concrete with the Variation of Microstructure of Steel-Concrete Interface

Corrosion of Steel Bars in Concrete with the Variation of Microstructure of Steel-Concrete Interface

The steel–concrete interface

Chloride threshold for corrosion of galvanized reinforcement in concrete exposed in the mexican Caribbean

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