Chlorhexidine for prevention of neonatal colonization with group B streptococci. I. In vitro effect of chlorhexidine on group B streptococci

Christensen, Karen Kvist; Christensen, Poul; Dykes, Anna-Karin; Kahlmeter, Gunnar; Kurl, Daya N.; Lindén, Viveka

doi:10.1016/0028-2243(83)90095-3

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This problem can be overcome by using a sufficiently high concentration [18]. The chlorhexidine concentration used in our study was 600 times or more the minimal bactericidal concentration for GBS [28] and at least as high as in other clinical studies [19,20,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Randomized study of vaginal chlorhexidine disinfection during labor to prevent vertical transmission of group B streptococci

Adriaanse¹,

Kollée²,

Muytjens³

et al. 1995

European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductiv

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Objective: To evaluate the effect of vaginal disinfection with chlorhexidine gel during labor on vertical transmission of group B streptococcus, as a method to prevent vertical transmission and subsequent neonatal early onset group B streptococcal disease. Study Design: A prospective study with randomization of 1020 parturients to one of three groups as soon as labor started. In all parturients, anus, introitus and cervix were cultured semiquantitatively. Two groups were treated double-blindly with 10 ml of either a 0.3% chlorhexidine gel or a placebo gel, applicated around the portio and into the fomices. If labor still continued, a second application was given after 10 h. The third group received no treatment. Ear, pharynx and umbilicus of all newborns were also cultured semiquantitatively. Results: Nine hundred and eighty one women were evaluated. The overall incidence of group B strep tococcal carriership was 19.4%. Vertical transmission was 52.4% in the chlorhexidine group, 71.4% in the placebo group and 66.7% in the control group (P = 0.069). When testing the transmission rates for the chlorhexidine versus the combined placebo plus control group (69.3%), the difference was 16.9% (P ~ 0.026). Conclusion: Vaginal disinfection with a chlorhexidine gel during labor modest ly reduces group B streptococcal vertical transmission. Because the method is cheap, simple and safe, it should be considered for routine use. Our results indicate that it may reduce the incidence of early onset group B streptococcal sepsis by 2-32%.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Randomized study of vaginal chlorhexidine disinfection during labor to prevent vertical transmission of group B streptococci

Adriaanse¹,

Kollée²,

Muytjens³

et al. 1995

European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductiv

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“…Less attention has been directed towards investigation of non-antibiotic antimicrobial agents for anti-adherence activity. Of this group, chlorhexidine gluconate has been shown to reduce adherence of candida to denture acrylic (5), though less success was obtained with this compound (0.02%) in decreasing adherence of streptococci to vaginal epithelial cells (6). Noxythiolin, another agent within this group, exhibits anti-adherence activity against a broad range of microorganisms (7) and recently the novel antimicrobial agent, taurolidine (2%), has also been described as an anti-adherent agent (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of the Microbial Anti-Adherence Capacities of Three Antimicrobial Agents

et al. 1987

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The antimicrobioal agents, taurolidine, chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine were examined for microbial anti-adherence activity. Two adherence systems were investigated using light microscopic and radio-isotopic assay methods: that of an oral isolate of Candida albicans to human buccal epithelial cells and of a urine isolate of Escherichia coli to human uroepithelial cells. Each of the three agents exhibited significant anti-adherence activity which was concentration dependent. The activity was expressed at subminimum inhibitory concentrations of the agents. Treatment of either the microbial or epithelial cells resulted in significant reductions in adhering micro-organisms. Consideration of the data in respect of the skewness coefficient and percentage clear epithelial cells indicated that the agents exhibited a broadly based anti-adherence capacity.

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“…Christensen et al (22) proposed a method for preventing GBS infection in term and preterm neonates using chlorhexidine as a vaginal disinfectant during labor in a study conducted between the years of 1983-1999.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Approaches in Preventing Premature Rupture of Membranes in Pregnant Women With Varicose Disease

Tekwani¹,

Vamsi²,

Nataliya³

2018

tmsj

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Aims: To investigate modern methods to prevent premature rupture of membranes by the use of chlorhexidine in pregnant women with varicose disease. Methods: The data of 39 pregnant women with varicose disease, who delivered between 2014 and 2016 at Maternity Hospital No. 3, Zaporozhye were analyzed using SPSS software. Patients were divided in 3 groups according to their medical history, complications during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period. The 1st group consisted of 13 pregnant women who did not receive prenatal vaginal douching with chlorhexidine; the 2nd group consisted of 13 patients with varicose disease, who received douching of birth canal with vaginal suppositories with chlorhexidine 1 time per day for 10 days before their delivery, but did not undergo a rehabilitation at the sanatorium; and the 3rd group had 13 pregnant women who received sanatorium rehabilitation at ''Veliki lug'' during the II. trimester of their pregnancy with the course of 1 chlorhexidine suppository per day for 10 days before delivery. Results: In the 1st group, the percentage of premature death was 61.5%; anemia and significant ultrasound markers were present in 46.2%; the percentage for the presence of hematometra was 38.5%; premature rupture of membranes, anomalies of labor and polyhydroamniosis were 30.8%; chorioamnionitis 15.4%; and intrauterine infection of fetus was 7.7%. In the 2nd group, anemia was present in 35%, 23.1% showed anomalies of labor; premature rupture of membranes, ultrasound markers, premature death, and hematometra were present in 15.4%. Whereas in the 3rd group, anemia and anomalies of labor were present in 15.4%, premature rupture of the membranes and premature death were present in 7.7% of the patients. Conclusion: With its broad antibacterial and antiviral effect, chlorhexidine in antiseptic form was found to be beneficial and it is found to promote the restoration of the vaginal microflora.

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Chlorhexidine for prevention of neonatal colonization with group B streptococci. I. In vitro effect of chlorhexidine on group B streptococci

Cited by 21 publications

References 25 publications

Randomized study of vaginal chlorhexidine disinfection during labor to prevent vertical transmission of group B streptococci

Randomized study of vaginal chlorhexidine disinfection during labor to prevent vertical transmission of group B streptococci

A Comparative Study of the Microbial Anti-Adherence Capacities of Three Antimicrobial Agents

New Approaches in Preventing Premature Rupture of Membranes in Pregnant Women With Varicose Disease

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