Chlorfenapyr Residue in Sweet Persimmon from Farm to Table

Abstract

The use of the pesticide chlorfenapyr has been increasing over time, with a consequent wider application to crops. However, there is limited information available on the amount and safety of the residues it leaves on crops. The amount of chlorfenapyr residues in sweet persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) at both the pre- and postharvest stages were investigated in this study by calculating its biological half-life. The half-life at the preharvest stage was 8.8 days, shorter than that found during the storage periods at 4 and 20°C, when the half-lives were 11.0 and 23.9 days, respectively. In addition, peeling and washing after harvesting reduced residue content. The majority of the chlorfenapyr residues in sweet persimmon were found in the peel of the fruit, with the pulp containing less than 25% of the total. Thus, peeling effectively removed chlorfenapyr residues and diminished the residues below the limit of quantification in the pulp. In addition, washing with 1.0% alcohol and 0.2% Tween 20 solutions effectively removed 47.8 and 55.6% of the residues, respectively. Furthermore, a 1.0% alcohol solution showed high reduction efficiency for other hydrophobic pesticides, such as dimethomorph and fluquinconazole, up to 78.0%. Chlorfenapyr residues in sweet persimmon can be effectively reduced via storage or peeling and washing practices or a combination of them.

Residual Behavior and Dietary Risk Assessment of Chlorfenapyr and Its Metabolites in Radish

“…As a registered pesticide directly acting on the pests of cruciferous vegetables, chlorfenapyr has a good control effect, a long-lasting period and is not easy to degrade. At present, the residue detection of chlorfenapyr in tea [ 18 ], chieh-qua [ 19 ], pumpkin and okra [ 20 ], cabbage [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], eggplant [ 24 ], sweet persimmon [ 25 ] and leek [ 26 ] has been reported. However, there has been no report on the residual digestion dynamics of chlorfenapyr in radish and its dietary risk assessment for the population.…”

Dissipation of Four Typical Insecticides on Strawberries and Effects of Different Household Washing Methods

“…Polat et al (2019) found that lemon water washing was more effective than the other methods. For the four mentioned insecticides, previous studies also reported that washing and peeling okra fruit, sweet persimmons, eggplants, and strawberries can efficiently decrease their residue levels [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Conversely, the same residues are concentrated by juicing and cooking [ 17 ].…”

Mitochondria-targeted nanocarriers doubled the toxicity of oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis disruptive insecticides against Spodoptera frugiperda

“…In South Korea, the consumption of Chl was increased from 5539 t in 2006 to 15 821 t in 2014. 16 However, Chl can cause health issues. [17][18][19] For example, chronic exposure to Chl can cause oxidative damage, apoptosis, and immune disorders in zebrafish liver.…”