Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin).¹ IV.^1a Chemical Studies

Enzymatic regioselective production of chloramphenicol esters

“…1 Furthermore, in many cases the acylated derivatives obtained present better biological or availability properties than the parent substrates. 1,2 This is also the case of chloramphenicol, (1R,2R)-2-dichloroacetamido-1-p-nitrophenyl-1,3-propanediol (1, Chart 1), 3 a bacteriostatic antimicrobial which acts as an effective agent against a broad spectra of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It was introduced for clinical treatment in human and animals around the mid 20th century, and its first indication was in the treatment of typhoid.…”

Probing the Substrate Specificity of Aminopyrrolnitrin Oxygenase (PrnD) by Mutational Analysis

“…In the proposed biosynthetic pathway of pyrrolnitrin, PrnD catalyzes the oxidation of the amino group of aminopyrrolnitrin (Aprn) to a nitro group, forming pyrrolnitrin (22). Arylamine oxygenases seem to be widespread and are used in diverse metabolic reactions (6,11,13,16,17,19). However, PrnD is the only biochemically characterized example of an arylamine N-oxygenase involved in arylnitro group formation.…”

Studies of Microbial Populations Artificially Localized in Vivo. Ii. Difference in Antityphoidal Activities of Chloramphenicol and Chlortetracycline 1

“…Chloramphenicol, on the other hand, has been found to be markedly stable to heat and does not lose potency under these conditions (14). The molar concentrations of the two compounds required to inhibit S. typhosa are more nearly equal than the weight-volume concentrations, for the molecular weight of chlortetracycline is almost twice that of chloramphenicol, 508 and 310, respectively (15,16). Serum concentrations two or more times the minimum inhibitory concentrations in vitro were required for both drugs to prevent the growth of typhoid bacilli in zivo, and when the serum concentrations fell below these values bacterial colonies became visible in the depths of the agar.…”