Chloramphenicol

Pestka, Sidney

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-46304-4_25

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 185 publications

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“…The ribosome as the target molecule for the uncharged tRNA also takes care of the fact that chloramphenicol as well as puromycin and pactainycin treatment of stringent bacterial strains leads to a drastic change in the profile of isoaccepting tRNAs [27,28,33], though during their application tRNA is fully charged [36,42]. These antibiotics are known to bind to the ribosomes [36,43,44] and thus could cause directly the conformational changes of the ribosomes necessary for eliciting the further reactions leading to the inactivation of these tRNAmodifying enzymes. In this connection it should be recalled that aminoacyloligonucleotides can compete with chloramphenicol for binding to the ribosome [45] and that puromycin and chloramphenicol are competing for binding to the ribosome [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of the Intracellular Concentration of Aminoacyl‐tRNA Synthetases and Isoaccepting tRNAs during Amino‐Acid‐Limited Growth in Escherichia coli

Thomale

Nass

1978

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Growth of Escherichia coli AB 2271 under threonine or isoleucine deficiency leads to a derepression of the threonyl‐tRNA synthetase and isoleucyl‐tRNA synthetase respectively. During this amino‐acid‐limited growth the concentrations of isoaccepting fractions of the cognate tRNA species were changed, as demonstrated by their altered reversed‐phase‐5 chromatograms. But, in addition, the profiles of the isoacceptors of all other tRNA species investigated, i.e. of tRNAsLeu, tRNAsSer and tRNAsArg were also altered. This means that, if there is a correlation between regulation of the level of an aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase and its cognate isoaccepting tRNAs, it is superimposed by the effect of amino acid limitation upon the concentration of all isoaccepting tRNAs. So far drastic changes in profiles of isoaccepting tRNAs have only been observed under unbalanced growth in relaxed cells or during treatment with antibotis. Here we demonstrate that similar heavy alterations in patterns of isoaccepting tRNAs occur in a proven stringent E. coli strain growing exponentially under amino acid limitation signal a meaningful biological function of those newly or increasingly occuring isoaccepting tRNAs. During the growth under amino acid limitation the total acceptor activity of eight investigated tRNA species, however, stayed unchanged, except that under threonine‐limited growth the total amount of tRNAIle was reduced to about half and that of tRNAGlu increased; both tRNA species of these isoacceptors are known [30,31] as spacers between ribosomal RNAs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of the Intracellular Concentration of Aminoacyl‐tRNA Synthetases and Isoaccepting tRNAs during Amino‐Acid‐Limited Growth in Escherichia coli

Thomale

Nass

1978

European Journal of Biochemistry

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“…To determine whether Fe(III) or 2-CP reduction activities were constitutive, the protein synthesis inhibitor chloramphenicol was used (36). An anaerobic sterile stock solution of chloramphenicol in ethanol (50 mM) was prepared by filtering through a 0.2-m (pore-size) filter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Fe(III) Reduction by Chlororespiring Anaeromxyobacter dehalogenans

Sanford

2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

125

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Anaeromyxobacter dehalogenans strain 2CP-C has been shown to grow by coupling the oxidation of acetate to the reduction of ortho-substituted halophenols, oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, or fumarate. In this study, strain 2CP-C was also found to grow by coupling Fe(III) reduction to the oxidation of acetate, making it one of the few isolates capable of growth by both metal reduction and chlororespiration. Doubling times for growth of 9.2 and 10.2 h were determined for Fe(III) and 2-chlorophenol reduction, respectively. These were determined by using the rate of [ 14 C]acetate uptake into biomass. Fe(III) compounds used by strain 2CP-C include ferric citrate, ferric pyrophosphate, and amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide. The addition of the humic acid analog anthraquinone 2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) increased the reduction rate of amorphous ferric iron oxide, suggesting AQDS was used as an electron shuttle by strain 2CP-C. The addition of chloramphenicol to fumarate-grown cells did not inhibit Fe(III) reduction, indicating that the latter activity is constitutive. In contrast, the addition of chloramphenicol inhibited dechlorination activity, indicating that chlororespiration is inducible. The presence of insoluble Fe(III) oxyhydroxide did not significantly affect dechlorination, whereas the presence of soluble ferric pyrophosphate inhibited dechlorination. With its ability to respire chlorinated organic compounds and metals such as Fe(III), strain 2CP-C is a promising model organism for the study of the interaction of these potentially competing processes in contaminated environments.

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“…Ethidium salts have been shown to interfere with the synthesis of DNA and RNA, actino-mycin and mitomycin interfere with the action of bacterial RNA polymerase, chloramphenicol acts on the ribosome and inhibits protein synthesis (Pestka 1975). Azide is a well known inhibitor of the terminal segment of the electron transport chain (Linnett & Beechey 1979) and DNP is an established uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation (Heytler 1979).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of ionic gradients on flocculation of Brevibacterium sp.

McLoughlin

Vallom

1984

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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The effects of inhibition of various physiological processes were evaluated with respect to flocculation of Brevibacterium sp. and it was shown that those influencing energy levels improved flocculation. Ionophores, valinomycin and gramicidin, brought about the greatest improvement in both the rate and degree. Valinomycin‐induced flocculation was influenced by the concentration of external potassium. These results demonstrate that intracellular ionic gradients exerted an influence on flocculation; dissipation of H+ or K+ gradients induced a higher level of flocculation.

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Chloramphenicol

Cited by 16 publications

References 185 publications

Alteration of the Intracellular Concentration of Aminoacyl‐tRNA Synthetases and Isoaccepting tRNAs during Amino‐Acid‐Limited Growth in Escherichia coli

Alteration of the Intracellular Concentration of Aminoacyl‐tRNA Synthetases and Isoaccepting tRNAs during Amino‐Acid‐Limited Growth in Escherichia coli

Characterization of Fe(III) Reduction by Chlororespiring Anaeromxyobacter dehalogenans

The influence of ionic gradients on flocculation of Brevibacterium sp.

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