Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the male genital tract: An update

Mackern-Oberti, Juan Pablo; Motrich, Rubén Darío; Breser, María Laura; Sánchez, Leonardo R.; Cuffini, Cecilia; Rivero, Virginia

doi:10.1016/j.jri.2013.05.002

Cited by 78 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…Thus, it has been suggested that undiagnosed C. trachomatis infection in either partner could potentially contribute to unexplained infertility [23]. This bacterium can be located in any part of the male reproductive tract, including sexual glands, such as the prostate and seminal vesicles [34]. C. trachomatis infections of male sexual glands may cause severe complications that can threaten male fertility [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive Simultaneous Detection of Seven Sexually Transmitted Agents in Semen by Multiplex-PCR and of HPV by Single PCR

et al. 2014

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Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) may impair sperm parameters and functions thereby promoting male infertility. To date limited molecular studies were conducted to evaluate the frequency and type of such infections in semen Thus, we aimed at conceiving and validating a multiplex PCR (M-PCR) assay for the simultaneous detection of the following STD pathogens in semen: Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis, Herpes virus simplex (HSV) −1 and −2, and Treponema pallidum; We also investigated the potential usefulness of this M-PCR assay in screening programs for semen pathogens. In addition, we aimed: to detect human Papillomavirus (HPV) and genotypes by single PCR (sPCR) in the same semen samples; to determine the prevalence of the seven STDs, HPV and co-infections; to assess the possibility that these infections affect semen parameters and thus fertility. The overall validation parameters of M-PCR were extremely high including agreement (99.2%), sensitivity (100.00%), specificity (99.70%), positive (96.40%) and negative predictive values (100.00%) and accuracy (99.80%). The prevalence of STDs was very high (55.3%). Furthermore, associations were observed between STDs and changes in semen parameters, highlighting the importance of STD detection in semen. Thus, this M-PCR assay has great potential for application in semen screening programs for pathogens in infertility and STD clinics and in sperm banks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive Simultaneous Detection of Seven Sexually Transmitted Agents in Semen by Multiplex-PCR and of HPV by Single PCR

et al. 2014

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“…Untreated infections in women lead to severe reproductive complications including pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage and tubal infertility 4 . In men, CT causes urethritis, prostatitis, epididymitis and epididymis-orchitis 5,6 . Moreover, chronic chlamydial male genital infections have been suggested as possible causes of infertility in recent years 7,8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, chronic chlamydial male genital infections have been suggested as possible causes of infertility in recent years 7,8 . However, whether CT infections of the MGT impair sperm quality and male fertility is a controversial issue 6,7 . A clear association of CT infections of the MGT and male infertility has not yet been proven 6–10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, whether CT infections of the MGT impair sperm quality and male fertility is a controversial issue 6,7 . A clear association of CT infections of the MGT and male infertility has not yet been proven 6–10 . Some in vitro studies have proposed that CT interacts with sperm cells, affecting their function and inducing apoptosis 11–15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chlamydia trachomatis neither exerts deleterious effects on spermatozoa nor impairs male fertility

Suárez

Sánchez

Salazar

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infection. However, whether Chlamydia trachomatis has a negative impact on sperm quality and male fertility is still controversial. Herein, we report the effects on sperm quality of the in vitro exposure of spermatozoa to Chlamydia trachomatis, and also the effects of male genital infection on male fertility using an animal model. Human and mouse sperm were obtained from healthy donors and cauda epididimys from C57BL/6 mice, respectively. Highly motile human or mouse spermatozoa were in vitro exposed to C. trachomatis (serovar E or LGV) or C. muridarum, respectively. Then, sperm quality parameters were analyzed. Moreover, male fertility of Chlamydia muridarum infected male C57BL/6 mice was assessed. Human or murine sperm in vitro exposed to increasing bacterial concentrations or soluble factors from C. trachomatis or C. muridarum, respectively, did not show differences in sperm motility and viability, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA fragmentation, ROS production and lipid peroxidation levels, when compared with control sperm (p > 0.05). Moreover, no differences in fertility parameters (potency, fecundity, fertility index, pre- and post-implantation loss) were observed between control and infected males. In conclusion, our results indicate that Chlamydia spp. neither directly exerts deleterious effects on spermatozoa nor impairs male fertility.

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“…Los antígenos clamidiales se unen a los toll-like receptor 2 y 4 en el epitelio del tracto genital masculino y de cé lulas inflamatorias, liberá ndose citocinas que desencadenan una inflamació n cró nica que puede, en ciertos casos con predisposició n gené tica, evolucionar a una enfermedad autoinmune 12 .…”

Section: Uretritis No Gonoco´cicasunclassified

Protocolos y manejo práctico de pacientes con secreción uretral o vaginal patológica

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Gutiérrez

2015

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Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the male genital tract: An update

Cited by 78 publications

References 165 publications

Sensitive Simultaneous Detection of Seven Sexually Transmitted Agents in Semen by Multiplex-PCR and of HPV by Single PCR

Sensitive Simultaneous Detection of Seven Sexually Transmitted Agents in Semen by Multiplex-PCR and of HPV by Single PCR

Chlamydia trachomatis neither exerts deleterious effects on spermatozoa nor impairs male fertility

Protocolos y manejo práctico de pacientes con secreción uretral o vaginal patológica

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