Chlamydia Prevalence by Age and Correlates of Infection Among Pregnant Women

Abstract

Chlamydia was detected in 7.4% of >13,500 pregnant women tested at an academic center in Alabama. Age less than 30 years was strongly associated with infection in adjusted models.

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in a screening program for under‐30‐year‐old pregnant women with a high participation rate in northern Spain (2016–2020)

“…The prevalence of C. trachomatis infection was higher among younger age groups (Table 1) as previously described 7,13,34,36–38,46,47 . Our results (7.2% in women under 25 years and 2.5% in women between 25 and 29 years old) are similar to rates in large cohorts of pregnant women in the Netherlands and Germany and women of reproductive age in France, 33,37,46 but lower than those found in pregnant women in Birmingham, USA (14.6% and 4.3%, respectively) 20 . Rours et al found screening of under‐30‐year‐old pregnant women to be cost‐effective, 33 and the prevalence in the 25–29 age group in our study suggest that screening in Gipuzkoa for pregnant women under 30 years old should be maintained, in line with recommendations of the Australian government 46 .…”

“…A coverage of above 70% of the target population has been considered acceptable in prevalence studies, a figure that has been reached in the present screening 17 . Other pregnancy screening programs have reported similar rates: 60‐70% in ten USA states, 85% in Toronto (Canada), and 77% in Birmingham (USA) 18–20 . Coverage in STI screening during pregnancy tends to be higher than in other population‐based screening programs, given that the testing is offered as part of a set of medical and healthcare services.…”

“…17 Other pregnancy screening programs have reported similar rates: 60-70% in ten USA states, 85% in Toronto (Canada), and 77% in Birmingham (USA). [18][19][20] Coverage in STI screening during pregnancy tends to be higher than in other populationbased screening programs, given that the testing is offered as part of a set of medical and healthcare services. Further, the perceived benefits not only to the health of the pregnant woman but also to that of her offspring help to improve screening uptake.…”

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis Among Pregnant Women, Gynecology Clinic Attendees, and Subfertile Women in Guangdong, China: A Cross-sectional Survey

“…Our study reveals a large hidden disease burden of undiagnosed CT among Chinese women. Compared with the CT prevalence in countries such as United States (7.4% in pregnant women during 2014–2017) [ 22 ] and low- and middle-income countries in Asia (0.8% in 2012–2015) [ 23 ], our study population had a higher prevalence: 6.7% for pregnant women, 8.2% for gynecology clinic attendees, and 5.9% for infertility clinic attendees. We also note a relatively high prevalence in women from Shenzhen (10.1% in sexual and reproductive health clinics in 2018) [ 24 ], Taizhou (10.2% in gynecology outpatients during 2013–2018), and Beijing (5.9% in outpatient clinic attendees during 2013–2016) [ 16 ].…”

Chlamydia trachomatis as a Current Health Problem: Challenges and Opportunities

“…Moreover, other studies report that the number of Chlamydia infections is higher than expected, evidencing that screening must be implemented regardless of the estimated prevalence [ 42 , 43 ]. In addition, several studies have reported that Chlamydia is more prevalent in adolescent and young women due to their higher biological susceptibility and behavior, supporting the implementation of a screening program for Chlamydia, at least in women who are 15–24 years old [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. This evidence highlights the importance of developing a screening program in all of the developed countries, covering all sexually active individuals, and re-testing—due to possible reinfections—in order to treat the positive patients in a timely manner, to control the spread of Chlamydia infection in the population, and to avoid the morbidity of those infected [ 4 ].…”