Chitosan/sodium tripolyphosphate nanoparticles as efficient vehicles for enhancing the cellular uptake of fish-derived peptide

Abstract

Methodology to enhance the intestinal absorption of peptides is an important challenge due to their easily degradation and poor permeability across the intestinal epithelium. In this study, the fish‐derived peptide (DGDDGEAGKIG)‐loaded chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (CS/PEP‐NPs) were prepared and investigated in Caco‐2 monolayer model. The results indicated zeta potential of CS/PEP‐NPs increased with the increase in molecular weight of CS (10–50 kDa). Transmission electron microscopy images revealed the CS/PEP‐NPs were uniform spherical‐shaped nanoparticles with a diameter of 50–200 nm (150 kDa). Compared to other CS/PEP‐NPs, 150‐kDa CS/PEP‐NPs performed an outstanding apparent permeability coefficient (Papp, 2.29 × 10−5 cm s−1) and cumulative amount of peptide (120 min, 2,987 ng) in Caco‐2 cells. CS/PEP‐NPs could reduce the tight junction integrity of Caco‐2 cells and enhance the intracellular fluorescence intensities of fluorescein isothiocyanate‐labeled peptide. These findings suggest that chitosan nanoparticles are promising carriers to promote intestinal absorption of fish‐derived peptide via paracellular pathway mediated by tight junctions. Practical applications Chitosans are promising carriers to promote intestinal absorption of fish‐derived peptide. The 150‐kDa CS/PEP‐NPs performed an outstanding apparent permeability coefficient (Papp, 2.29 × 10−5 cm s−1) and cumulative amount of peptide (120 min, 2,987 ng) in Caco‐2 cells. CS/PEP‐NPs could reduce the tight junction integrity of Caco‐2 cells and enhance the peptide uptake by paracellular pathway. Chitosan nanoparticles can be developed as vehicles for enhancing the cellular uptake of peptide in food industry.

l-Ascorbic Acid and Thymoquinone Dual-Loaded Palmitoyl-Chitosan Nanoparticles: Improved Preparation Method, Encapsulation and Release Efficiency

“…Therefore, it proves that they did not conjugate to the nanoparticle, instead they were encapsulated. In addition, the zeta potentials of PCNPs were almost similar with reported studies, which were in the range of +20 mV to +30 mV [46,64,65]. Moreover, the positively charged PCNPs could provide better interaction with negatively charged mucosal membrane; this could later facilitate the PCNPs delivery and cellular uptake [46,66].…”

Characterization, Bioactivity and Application of Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles in a Food Emulsion Model

“…However, the sample CNPH showed structural differences inside of each nanoparticle ( Figure 3 B), which could indicate that the FPH was well integrated within the chitosan network. Similar morphological characteristics were demonstrated by Zhao et al [ 51 ] for chitosan/TPP nanoparticles loaded with fish-derived peptides using chitosan with a molecular weight of 150 kDa and a 90–95% degree of deacetylation.…”

“…3B), which could indicate that the FPH was well integrated within the chitosan network. Similar morphological characteristics were demonstrated by Zhao et al [51] for chitosan/TPP nanoparticles Previous studies have reported ACE-inhibitory activity for chitosan nanoparticles [44,45]. However, the mechanism involved in the ACE-inhibitory activity of polysaccharides is unknown [46].…”

Increased radical scavenging activity of thymoquinone and l-ascorbic acid dual encapsulated in palmitoyl-chitosan nanoparticles in a human normal lung fibroblast, MRC-5 due to synergistic antioxidative effects

“…Chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) were prepared by an ionic gelation method, which involves the crosslinking reaction of the positively charged CS and negatively charged TPP. [26][27][28][29][30][31] First, ∼1.0 mL of 1.0% acetic acid was added to the low-molecular weight CS to dissolve it and then further diluted to form a working solution concentration of 0.5 mg mL −1 CS. Next, the pH of the CS was adjusted to 5.0 by adding a 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.…”