Chitosan oligosaccharide affects antioxidant defense capacity and placental amino acids transport of sows

Abstract

BackgroundChitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is widely consumed as a functional food due to its multiple health effects, but few studies about COS supplement on placental antioxidant and nutrition transport capacity were reported. Taken pregnant sow as a model, we aimed to investigate the effects of dietary COS supplementation during late gestation on placental amino acids transport and antioxidant defense capacity of sows. From day (d) 85 of gestation to parturition, sixteen pregnant sows were divided into a control group (basal diet without COS supplementation) and a COS group (30 mg COS/kg basal diet). Plasma sample of sow was collected on d 110 of gestation, and placenta tissue was obtained during parturition. Then plasma antioxidant enzyme’s activities, the relative level of oxidant stress related genes, amino acids transport related genes and mTOR pathway molecules in placenta were determined.ResultsResults showed that maternal dietary supplementation with COS increased (P < 0.05) plasma total SOD, caused a downtrend in plasma MDA (0.05 < P < 0.10) on d 110 of gestation. Interestingly, the mRNA expression of some antioxidant genes in the placenta were increased (P < 0.05) and pro-inflammatory cytokines were reduced (P < 0.05) by COS supplement, whereas no significant difference was observed in the activities of placental total SOD and CAT between two groups. Additionally, further study demonstrated that COS feeding stimulated mTOR signaling pathway, increased amino acids transporters expression in placenta.ConclusionsThese observations suggested that COS supplement in sow’s diet during late gestation enhanced antioxidant defense capacity of sows, promoted placental amino acids transport, which may contribute to the health of sows and development of fetus during gestation.

Chitosan Oligosaccharides Protect Sprague Dawley Rats from Cyclic Heat Stress by Attenuation of Oxidative and Inflammation Stress

“…It has been reported that dietary chitosan supplementation could enhance the serum SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px of diquat challenged weaning pigs [48]. In addition, dietary chitosan supplementation can prevent lipid peroxidation induced by LPS and retain GSH and CAT activity [42].…”

“…Recent studies also indicated that COS could be used as therapeutic agents in inflammation, suppressing the production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E 2 , and pro-inflammatory cytokines [39][40][41]. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that COS can prevent mice from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge by virtue of anti-inflammatory effects as well as antioxidant properties [42]. However, relative few studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of COS on the inflammatory response and antioxidant capacities under heat stress condition.…”

Dietary supplement with nucleotides in the form of uridine monophosphate or uridine stimulate intestinal development and promote nucleotide transport in weaned piglets

“…Amplification was carried out in an ABI Prism 7900 HT sequence detection system (Applied Biosystems, Foster, CA, USA). The relative level of mRNA expression was calculated using the 2 −ΔΔCt method after normalization with β‐actin as a housekeeping gene …”

Maternal chitosan oligosaccharide supplementation during late gestation and lactation affects offspring growth

“…The increased oxidative stress is responsible for impaired milk production of sows, which directly affects the health and growth of nursing piglets (Kim et al 2013). There is evidence that such oxidative stress problems can be alleviated by supplementation with certain antioxidants (Xie et al 2016). Therefore, we surveyed a few serum antioxidant-related parameters, including SOD, CAT, T-AOC, GSH-Px and MDA, to confirm whether COS can improve the antioxidant status of sows.…”