Chitosan Nanoparticles Rescue Rotenone-Mediated Cell Death

Ahlawat, Jyoti; Deemer, Eva; Narayan, Mahesh

doi:10.3390/ma12071176

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This could have been due to the strong interaction of lutein with the polymers which resulted in the absence of characteristic peaks. Similar results were observed for other nanoparticle systems [ 58 ]. Moreover, it is evident that the encapsulation of lutein did not result in any structural changes of polymers which might be attributed to either the small concentration of the drug or due to its bonding and non-bonding interactions with the surrounding matrix.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Lutein-Loaded, Biotin-Decorated Polymeric Nanoparticles Enhance Lutein Uptake in Retinal Cells

et al. 2020

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Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of visual loss and is responsible for approximately 9% of global blindness. It is a progressive eye disorder seen in elderly people (>65 years) mainly affecting the macula. Lutein, a carotenoid, is an antioxidant, and has shown neuroprotective properties in the retina. However, lutein has poor bioavailability owing to poor aqueous solubility. Drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye is challenging due to the blood–retina barrier. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) expresses the sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter (SMVT) transport system which selectively uptakes biotin by active transport. In this study, we aimed to enhance lutein uptake into retinal cells using PLGA–PEG–biotin nanoparticles. Lutein loaded polymeric nanoparticles were prepared using O/W solvent-evaporation method. Particle size and zeta potential (ZP) were determined using Malvern Zetasizer. Other characterizations included differential scanning calorimetry, FTIR, and in-vitro release studies. In-vitro uptake and cytotoxicity studies were conducted in ARPE-19 cells using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Lutein was successfully encapsulated into PLGA and PLGA–PEG–biotin nanoparticles (<250 nm) with uniform size distribution and high ZP. The entrapment efficiency of lutein was ≈56% and ≈75% for lutein-loaded PLGA and PLGA–PEG–biotin nanoparticles, respectively. FTIR and DSC confirmed encapsulation of lutein into nanoparticles. Cellular uptake studies in ARPE-19 cells confirmed a higher uptake of lutein with PLGA–PEG–biotin nanoparticles compared to PLGA nanoparticles and lutein alone. In vitro cytotoxicity results confirmed that the nanoparticles were safe, effective, and non-toxic. Findings from this study suggest that lutein-loaded PLGA–PEG–biotin nanoparticles can be potentially used for treatment of AMD for higher lutein uptake.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Lutein-Loaded, Biotin-Decorated Polymeric Nanoparticles Enhance Lutein Uptake in Retinal Cells

et al. 2020

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“…Biodistribution tests carried out in BalB/C mice showed that the nanoformulation mainly reached the liver, kidney, spleen, and brain, thereby being efficiently able to cross the BBB. Interestingly, an antioxidant effect of the formulation was also reported, which was attributed to the presence of chitosan, as indicated by other authors [ 130 , 133 ]. This fact could reveal a synergistic effect between fingolimod and chitosan, although more research should be conducted to clarify this potential synergistic action.…”

Section: Investigational Polymeric Nanoparticles For the Treatment Of...supporting

confidence: 62%

“…Ahlawat et al [ 133 ] evaluated the antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities of non-loaded chitosan NPs on a human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line using RT as a neurotoxin to generate the production of ROS. Cells were exposed to chitosan NPs 6 h before being treated with RT.…”

Section: Investigational Polymeric Nanoparticles For the Treatment Of...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiparkinsonian Agents in Investigational Polymeric Micro- and Nano-Systems

et al. 2022

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive destruction of dopaminergic tissue in the central nervous system (CNS). To date, there is no cure for the disease, with current pharmacological treatments aimed at controlling the symptoms. Therefore, there is an unmet need for new treatments for PD. In addition to new therapeutic options, there exists the need for improved efficiency of the existing ones, as many agents have difficulties in crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB) to achieve therapeutic levels in the CNS or exhibit inappropriate pharmacokinetic profiles, thereby limiting their clinical benefits. To overcome these limitations, an interesting approach is the use of drug delivery systems, such as polymeric microparticles (MPs) and nanoparticles (NPs) that allow for the controlled release of the active ingredients targeting to the desired site of action, increasing the bioavailability and efficacy of treatments, as well as reducing the number of administrations and adverse effects. Here we review the polymeric micro- and nano-systems under investigation as potential new therapies for PD.

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“…Considering the known antioxidant properties and highly sustainable nature, chitosan (CS) and ellagic acid were selected as the primary components for the enclosure and drug, respectively . CS is a biodegradable linear polysaccharide derived from chitin shells of shrimp and other crustaceans with previously documented biocompatibility, antioxidant property, and permeability-enhancing properties. − EA, a polyphenol found in fruits and vegetables, possesses a wide spectrum of biological activities such as antioxidant, antiviral, anticancer, and antimutagenic properties, with potential toxicity at higher doses. ,− …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan–Ellagic Acid Nanohybrid for Mitigating Rotenone-induced Oxidative Stress

Ahlawat

Neupane

Deemer

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Antioxidants derived from nature, such as ellagic acid (EA), demonstrated high potency to mitigate neuronal oxidative stress and related pathologies, including Parkinson’s disease. However, the application of EA is limited due to its toxicity at moderate doses and poor solubility, cellular permeability, and bioavailability. Here, we introduce a sustainably resourced, green nanoencasement strategy to overcome the limitations of EA and derive synergistic effects to prevent oxidative stress in neuronal cells. Chitosan, with its high biocompatibility, potential antioxidant properties, and flexible surface chemistry, was chosen as the primary component of the nanoencasement in which EA is immobilized. Using a rotenone model to mimic intracellular oxidative stress, we examined the effectiveness of EA and chitosan to limit cell death. Our studies indicate a synergistic effect between EA and chitosan in mitigating rotenone-induced reactive oxygen species death. Our analysis suggests that chitosan encapsulation of EA reduces the inherent cytotoxicity of the polyphenol (a known anticancer molecule). Furthermore, its encapsulation permits its delivery via a rapid burst phase and a relatively slow phase making the nanohybrid suitable for drug release over extended time periods.

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Chitosan Nanoparticles Rescue Rotenone-Mediated Cell Death

Cited by 11 publications

References 30 publications

Lutein-Loaded, Biotin-Decorated Polymeric Nanoparticles Enhance Lutein Uptake in Retinal Cells

Lutein-Loaded, Biotin-Decorated Polymeric Nanoparticles Enhance Lutein Uptake in Retinal Cells

Antiparkinsonian Agents in Investigational Polymeric Micro- and Nano-Systems

Chitosan–Ellagic Acid Nanohybrid for Mitigating Rotenone-induced Oxidative Stress

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