Chitosan-modified graphene electrodes for DNA mutation analysis

Abstract

Graphene has remarkable electrochemical properties that make it an ideal material for constructing biosensors,however it has not been explored for DNA biosensing. Herein, we report on a chitosan-modified graphene platform for the electrochemical detection of changes in DNA sequences. For this purpose, graphene synthesized chemically and characterized by Raman spectroscopy and Transmission electron microscopy, was covalently modified with positively charged chitosan to facilitate the immobilization of a single-stranded DNA `capture' oligonucleotide. The covalent attachment of chitosan to graphene was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy and then the capture DNA was immobilized on to the chitosan modified graphene electrode. Then, the target DNA (complementary or mismatched `mutant' DNA) was applied to the electrode and cyclic voltammetry was performed. The results of the voltammetric experiments indicate that the chitosan modified graphene electrodes immobilized with ssDNA+complementary DNA exhibit a significantly higher magnitude of redox peak current than the chitosan modified graphene electrodes immobilized with the non-complementary mutant DNAs. Together, these results demonstrate that the chitosan-graphene platform provides a rapid, stable and sensitive detection of mismatched DNA and has the potential to be used for point-of-care diagnostic tests for specific DNA mutations associated with disease conditions.

Mechanically and Thermally Enhanced Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube–Graphene Hybrid filled Thermoplastic Polyurethane Nanocomposites

“…0.1 g of as prepared GO was suspended in 100 mL of Millipore water, taken in a 250 mL round bottom flask, and sonicated for 1 h until it became clear with no visible particulate matter. Subsequently, 1 mL of hydrazine hydrate was added to this mechanically exfoliated GO and refluxed at 100 °C for 24 h . The chemically reduced graphene (CRGO) so formed was filtered, rinsed with Millipore water, and vacuum dried.…”

Growth and oxidation of graphene on Rh(111)

“…Graphene is an intriguing 2D material [1][2][3] with promising applications, e.g. in microelectronics, [4][5][6] sensors, [7][8][9][10][11][12] as spin-filtering materials, 13,14 and as protective coatings. 15,16 One versatile route to fabricate graphene is chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on metal surfaces.…”

Graphene nanomaterials as biocompatible and conductive scaffolds for stem cells: impact for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

“…for innovative biosensors, functionalized carbon nanoconstructs) (Guo et al , ; Park et al , ; Singh et al , ) and theranostic broad applications (e.g. oncology, regenerative medicine) (Mohanty and Vikas, ; Chikkaveeraiah et al , ; Alwarappan et al , ; Veerapandian et al , ; Cao et al , ; Bonanni et al , ; Guo et al , ; Lorenzoni et al , ; Song et al , ; Zhou et al , ; Lin et al , ; Menaa, , , 2013e). Indeed, G displays extraordinary physicochemical properties, e.g.…”

“…mammalian, microbial) and molecular (e.g. blood biomarkers) detection, as well as for the development of innovative theranostic tools (Mohanty and Vikas, ; Shen et al , ; Alwarappan et al , ; Chikkaveeraiah et al , ; Veerapandian et al , ; Cao et al , ; Bonanni et al , ; Lorenzoni et al , ; Guo et al , ; Zhou et al , ; Lin et al , ; Song et al , ; Menaa, ) (Table ). Interestingly, recent findings have shown that G‐based devices and methods can be also used to detect SCs as well as facilitate growth, maintenance and differentiation (Nayak et al , ; Lee et al , ; Park et al , ; Kang et al , ; Chen et al , ; Kim et al , ; Menaa, ).…”