“…Although CS has shown potential therapeutic activity as anti-microbial (22), wound healing (23), hypo-cholesterolemic (24) and anti-ulcer agent (20), its potential application still lies in formulating drug delivery systems (16,17,25,26). In the past decades, CS has been extensively used for delivery of small molecules (6,27), peptides (25), vaccines (28,29) and genes (30,31) via mucosal (29,(32)(33)(34), nasal (25,(35)(36)(37)(38)(39), colon (40), topical (41), oral (4,15) or parenteral route (20,25,(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47). However, its chemical versatility to form derivatives or cross-links (4,13,29), mucoadhesive property (4,(48)(49)(50)(51), permeation-enhancing capability (4,49,<...>…”