Chitosan formulations improve the immunogenicity of a GnRH-I peptide-based vaccine

The immune profile induced is crucial to determine the effects of immunocastration over gonadal function, fertility, and GnRH‐I expression

“…Even though aluminium/imiquimod as adjuvant induced a Th1 response with high IgG2a levels, vaccination failed in blocking gonadal function or fertility in immunized animals (Figures and ; Table ). Finally, when chitosan was used as adjuvant, and as seen in previous studies, a Th1/Th2 response was induced in vaccinated animals. This response was the most efficient inhibiting ovarian activity, determined by in vivo fertility blockage observed in all animals from this treated group, associated with a decrease in serum progesterone, as well as pre‐ovulatory follicles and luteal bodies found in the gonadal parenchyma.…”

Strategies for intranasal delivery of vaccines

“…Chitosan-based formulations were studied as a potential adjuvant for a vaccine against LHRH. A reduction in animal steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis was observed when chitosan was used as an adjuvant, showing the ability of this delivery system to neutralize LHRH [48]. The influenza A, matrix protein 1 (M1), is highly conserved and can form the basis of a vaccine.…”

Recent progress in adjuvant discovery for peptide-based subunit vaccines

“…Formulations of anti-GnRH peptide antigen with different types of chitosan induced high levels of IgG isotype 1 production in rats compared with immunization with CFA. 59 Chitosan with the highest acetylation degree was able to induce an immune response mediated by IgG isotype 2a. Chitosan has also been a popular choice as a delivery platform for mucosal vaccination due to its mucoadhesive properties.…”