Chitosan-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Levengood, Sheeny K. Lan; Zhang, Miqin

doi:10.1039/c4tb00027g

Cited by 544 publications

(384 citation statements)

References 204 publications

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“…A low toxicity among cells cultured on chitosan/collagen nanoscaffolds has been noted in other studies on culture of bone (Levengood & Zhang, 2014), cartilage (Gong et al, 2010), skin (Sarkar et al, 2013), intestinal smooth muscle (Zakhem et al, 2012) and endothelial cells (Swarnalatha et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effects of 3-dimensional culture conditions (collagen-chitosan nano-scaffolds) on maturation of dendritic cells and their capacity to interact with T-lymphocytes

Daneshmandi

Dibazar

Fateh

2015

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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In the body, there is a natural three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment in which immune cells, including dendritic cells (DC), play their functions. This study evaluated the impact of using collagen-chitosan 3D nano-scaffolds in comparisons to routine 2D culture plates on DC phenotype and functions. Bone marrow-derived DC were cultured on scaffolds and plates and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or chitosan-based nanoparticles (NP) for 24 h. Thereafter, DC viability, expression of maturation markers and levels of cytokines secretion were evaluated. In another set of studies, the DC were co-cultured with allogenic T-lymphocytes in both the 2D and 3D systems and effects on DC-induction of T-lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine release were analyzed. The results indicated that CD40, CD86 and MHC II marker expression and interleukin (IL)-12, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-secretion by DC were enhanced in 3D cultures in comparison to by cells maintained in the 2D states. The data also showed that DNA/chitosan NP activated DC more than LPS in the 3D system. T-Lymphocyte proliferation was induced to a greater extent by DNA/NP-treated DC when both cell types were maintained on the scaffolds. Interestingly, while DC induction of T-lymphocyte interferon (IFN)-and IL-4 release was enhanced in the 3D system (relative to controls), there was a suppression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-production; effects on IL-10 secretion were variable. The results here suggested that collagen-chitosan scaffolds could provide a proinflammatory and activator environment to perform studies to analyze effects of exogenous agents on the induction of DC maturation, NP uptake and/or cytokines release, as well as for the ability of these cells to potentially interact with other immune system cells in vitro.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effects of 3-dimensional culture conditions (collagen-chitosan nano-scaffolds) on maturation of dendritic cells and their capacity to interact with T-lymphocytes

Daneshmandi

Dibazar

Fateh

2015

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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“…Chitosan has been widely studied for bone tissue engineering because it is biocompatible, biodegradable, and also favors osteoconduction [14,15]. However this natural polymer presents relatively low strength and low flexibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxicity of Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol/Bioactive Glass hybrid scaffolds obtained by lyophilization

et al. 2016

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One of the important research topics in tissue engineering is the development of optimum three-dimensional scaffolds for regeneration and growth of bone tissue. The scaffold developed should promote an initial biomechanical support, provide the formation, deposition and organization of the new organic matrix generated, and degrade proportionally to the growth of the new tissue. In this study hybrid scaffolds based on the blend Chitosan (CHI)/Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), with two different CHI:PVA molar ratios (1:1, and 3:1), and Bioactive Glass as the inorganic phase, were developed by a sol-gel route, followed by lyophilization. The materials were cross-linked with Glutaraldehyde. The obtained porous scaffolds were characterized by SEM, FTIR, porosity measurements by Archimedes method, and compression test. The in vitro degradation was studied by immersion in simulated body fluid for several time periods and evaluation of mass loss. Citotoxicity analysis was carried out on samples as prepared and after immersion in PBS solution for 24hrs, using human fibroblast cells and MTT method to evaluate cell viability. The matrices obtained showed promising results, presenting about 96% porosity, pore size varying in the range 20-300 µm, and interconnected pores. The mass loss presented by the matrices with CHI/PVA ratios 3:1 and 1:1 during the degradation test in vitro, was around 10% after a week of testing, with macroscopic preservation of their physical structure. Cytotoxicity tests showed that the samples were toxic as produced and not toxic after treatment with PBS, showing this approach was suitable as a final preparation step of these samples.

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“…Chitosan (CS) and its derivatives hold great interest for biomedical applications in regenerative medicine, 1 tissue engineering [2][3][4] and drug/gene delivery [5][6][7] elds. CS gra-modications located on the C-2 amines and/or the O-6 hydroxyls along the CS backbone, such as in polymer conjugation, 8,9 ligands/uorescent dye addition [10][11][12][13] have been proposed in order to provide the biopolymer with new/enhanced properties, for various drug/gene delivery, [14][15][16] imaging 17 and tissue engineering 18,19 applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Schematic representation of the triskelion synthesis pathway. The triol starting material, namely 1,2,6-hexanetriol (1), was activated with methanesulfonyl chloride (MsCl) (2) in an anhydrous 2 : 1 mixture of dichloromethane (DCM) and tetrahydrofurane (THF) (a). Mesylate leaving groups (-OMs) were displaced by potassium thioacetate (AcSK) in anhydrous dimethylformamide (DMF) (b) to give the acetylprotected triskelion linker (3) as major product.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regioselective chitosan end-group activation: the triskelion approach

et al. 2017

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Chitosan (CS) end-group conjugation methods are rarely reported in the literature, mainly since the CS terminal aldehyde moiety produced by nitrous acid depolymerization is only present in trace amounts in its reactive form. In a previous study, our group proposed an intermolecular thioacetylation process that allowed terminal conjugation of thiol-reactive species to chitosan with 50% efficiency. However, this reaction is incompatible with acid-labile substituents and the conversion efficiency of CS end-groups could be limited by the size of the thiol-reactive species engaged in the reaction, mainly by steric hindrance since two substituents are required to obtain the stabilized thioacetal derivative. In the present study, we developed a novel CS end-group thioacetylation approach relying on a new regioselective linker that bears three thiol moieties. This trivalent linker, referred to as triskelion here, was specifically designed for activation of the CS 2,5-anhydro-D-mannose (M-Unit) end-group and consists of a thiolhook for efficient aldehyde conjugation through an intramolecular reaction and a thiol-tail that remains available for subsequent end-group functionalization with any thiol-reactive species. The chemical synthesis of this linker provided the desired material with high yields over three steps. The in situ intramolecular thioacetylation process between the triskelion linker and 2,5-anhydro-D-mannose (MUnit, monomeric) was assessed by semi-quantitative LC-MS studies, revealing that the corresponding intramolecular thioacetal largely predominated ($90%). This regioselective derivatization was also performed onto M-Unit CS aldehydes and the desired CS-b-triskelion conjugates were obtained with functionalization degrees over 85%, as confirmed by NMR spectroscopy ( 1 H and DOSY). As a final assessment of the CS-b-triskelion thiol-tail reactivity, these conjugates were successfully engaged with thiol-reactive magnetic beads into disulfide bond displacement with 50% efficiency. The proposed CS terminal activation with the triskelion linker opens new perspectives for biomedical applications, especially brush-like surface modifications and other copolymer formation through disulfide linkages or Michael-type additions.

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Chitosan-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Cited by 544 publications

References 204 publications

Effects of 3-dimensional culture conditions (collagen-chitosan nano-scaffolds) on maturation of dendritic cells and their capacity to interact with T-lymphocytes

Effects of 3-dimensional culture conditions (collagen-chitosan nano-scaffolds) on maturation of dendritic cells and their capacity to interact with T-lymphocytes

Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxicity of Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol/Bioactive Glass hybrid scaffolds obtained by lyophilization

Regioselective chitosan end-group activation: the triskelion approach

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